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1、专题限时检测(二十三) 阅读理解词义猜测类之代词指代题(加★的为代词指代题，本卷限时23分钟)A(2017·南京市、盐城市高三模拟考试)Alittlesocialsupportfromyourbestbudsgoesalongway,whetheryou'reahumanorachimpanzee(黑猩猩).AnewstudythatfollowedachimpanzeecommunityintheforestsofUgandahasfoundthatqualitytimewithclosecompanionssignificantlydecreasedstr
2、esshormonelevelsintheprimates—whethertheywereresting,groomingorfacingoffagainstrivalgroups.Thefindings,describedthisweekinthejournalNatureCommunications,shedlightonthephysiologicaleffectsofclosecompanionshiponchimpanzees—andcouldhaveimplicationsforhumanhealthtoo.Researchershavelongk
3、nownthatstresscanworsenhealthandraisetheriskofearlydeathinhumansaswellasothersocialmammals.“Itcanhaveeffectsonimmunefunction,cardiofunction,fertility,cognition,andevenyourmood，”saidstudycoauthorKevinLangergraber,aprimatologistatArizonaStateUniversity.Maintainingclosesocialbondscanhe
4、lptheseanimals(humansincluded)reducesomeofthatstress,potentiallyminimizingsomehealthrisks.Butscientistshaveyettopindowntheexactphysiologicalmechanismsatwork.“Socialbondsmakeyousurviveandproducebetter—buthowdotheydothat？”Langergrabersaid.Tofindout,theinternationalteamofresearchersstu
5、diedmembersoftheSonsochimpanzeecommunityinUganda'sBudongoForest,agroupconsistingof15males,35femalesand28juvenilesandinfantsduringthestudyperiodfromFebruary2008toJuly2010.Likehumans,chimpanzeestendtohavebesties—bondpartnerswithwhomtheyappeartofeelclose.Theresearcherswantedtoseewhethe
6、rinteractionswiththesebondpartnersledtolowerstresslevelsduringparticularlystressfulsituations,suchaswhenfightingrivalgroups,orwhethertimespentwithfriendshelpedlowerstresslevelsmoregenerally,throughouttheday.Thescientistsobservedthechimpanzeesperformthreetypesofactivities:resting,gro
7、omingorquarrellingwithothergroupsofchimpanzees.Theresearcherskepttrackofwhetherthechimpanzeesweredoinganyofthesethreethingswiththeirbondpartnersorwithotherchimpanzeesintheirgroup.Ateamofuptosixobserverswatchedthechimpanzeesandfollowedthemaroundtocollecturine(尿液)samples.Thesamples,co
8、llectedfromnineadul
