《组织损伤病理学》PPT课件

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1、第一章病理学导论赵国强病理学导论病理学的定义病理学发展简史病理学的分支学科病理学的研究方法DefinitionofPathologyTheword“Pathology”isderivedfromtwoGreekword----pathosmeaningsufferinglogosmeaningstudyDefinitionofPathologyPathologyisscientificstudyofstructureandfunctionofthebodyindisease.Itdealswithcaus

2、es,effects,mechanismsandnatureofdisease.Theknowledgeandunderstandingofpathologyisessentialforallwould-bedoctorsaswellasgeneralpractitionersandspecialistssinceunlesstheyknowthecausesandmechanismsofdiseaseandunderstandthelanguagespokenbythepathologistinthef

3、ormoflaboratoryreports,theywouldnotbeabletoinstituteappropriatetreatmentorsuggestpreventivemeasurestothepatient.Forthemedicalstudent,thedisciplineofpathologyformsavitalbridgebetweeninitiallearningphaseofpreclinicalscienceandthefinalphaseofclinicalsubjects

4、.病理学发展简史从宗教迷信走向理性探索(AntiquitytoAD1500)大体病理学时期(AD1500to1800)细胞病理学时期(AD1800to1950s)现代病理学时期(1950stodawnof21stcentury)从宗教迷信走向理性探索(AntiquitytoAD1500)Hippocrates(Greece)460-377BCPermanentlydissociatedmedicinefromreligiousmysticism.Startedstudyofpatient’ssymptom

5、sasmethodofdiagnosis.CorneliusCelsus(Rome)53BC-7ADDescribed4cardinalsignsofinflammation(redness,heat,swelling,pain)Hippocrates(Greece)460-377BC大体病理学时期(AD1500to1800)GiovanniBMorgagni(Italy)1682-1771Introducedclinicopathologiccorrelation(CPC)inthestudyofdis

6、easeJohnHunter(Scotland)1728-1793Introducedpathologymuseuminthestudyofdisease.R.T.H.Laennec(France)1781-1826Describedseverallungdiseasessuchasvarioustuberculouslesionsoflungs,bronchiectasis.Describedcirrhosisofliver(latercalledLaennec’scirrhosis).Invented

7、stethoscope.JohnHunter(Scotland)1728-1793R.T.H.Laennec(France)1781-1826细胞病理学时期(AD1800to1950s)RudolfVirchow(Germany)1821-1905FatherofcellularpathologyIntroducedhistopathologyasadiagnosticbranchbyhiscellulartheoryGeorgeN.Papanicolaou(USA)1883-1962Fatherofex

8、foliativecytologyDevelopedPapsmearfordetectionofcervicalcancerin1930sRudolfVirchow(Germany)1821-1905GeorgeN.Papanicolaou(USA)1883-1962现代病理学时期(1950stodawnof21stcentury)WatsonandCrick1953DescribedthestructureofDNANowe