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1、TURKEYCARETurkeyPhysiologyTheaveragelifespanforacommercial-breedturkeyistwotosixyears.Maleturkeys(“toms”)tendtohaveashorterlifespanthanfemaleturkeys(“hens”),typicallylivingonlytwotofiveyears.Commercialturkeys,Broad-breastedWhites,arebredtobeabnormallylargeand
2、arefree-fedaveryhigh-fatdiet,oftenwithantibioticstopromotegrowth.Thesefactors,alongwithraisingturkeysinintensiveconfinementsystems,canresultinhealthproblemsandearlydeath.Manyturkeysfromindustrialfarmsarealsode-beakedandde-toed,leadingtootherhealthissues.Comme
3、rcial-breedfemales,evenonveryrestricteddiets,canweighbetween20and35poundswhenfullygrown,andcommercialtomscanweighbetween35and50pounds.Turkeys’normalbodytemperatureis106.7°F,butitcangoashighas107.5°F,withyoungturkeysregisteringbetween102°Fand106°F.Otherbreedso
4、fdomesticatedturkeys,includingHeritagebreedssuchasSpanishBlacks,MidgetWhites,Lilac,Bourbon,andsomeBronzebreeds,canbemuchsmaller.Thesebirdsweighfarlessandhaveaveragelifespansof10to12years.Therearebroad-breastedbronzeturkeys,aswell,whogrowtothesamesizeasthebroa
5、d-breastedwhites,whomakeupmorethan98%ofallbirdsusedinproduction.NutritionalNeedsofTurkeysWater.Clean,freshwatermustbeavailableatalltimes.Theuseofapoultryfountainorautomaticwateringunitisrecommendedtopreventspillageandtokeepwaterascleanaspossible.Inwarmerweath
6、er,checkwateroftenthroughouttheday.Duringperiodsoffreezingtemperatures,theuseofawaterheaterisrecommended.Feed.Turkeyfeedcanbepurchasedatmostfarmsupplystores.Pre-mixedturkeyfeedgenerallycontainsantibioticsandanimalby-products,andcommercialturkeyfeedisdesignedt
7、opromotefastgrowth,whichisveryharmfultoananimalalreadypredisposedtobeabnormallylarge.Youcanhaveyourownfeedmade,butmostfeedmillswillonlycreatefeedinquantitiesoveraton.Ifyouhavetouseacommercialfeed,dosoinrestrictedquantities,feedingonlyabout1/2to3/4cupoffeedper
8、bird,twicedaily.Youcanusealayerpellet,butthisisnotideal.There,sadly,isnotafeedmadeforindustrialturkeysthatisnotalsodesignedtomakethemgrowfartoolarge.Organicfeedsaremoredifficulttofind,but
