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1、应用生态学报2005年1月第16卷第1期CHINESEJOURNALOFAPPLIEDECOLOGY,Jan.2005,16(1)∶180～1853黄渤海海水养殖自身污染的评估33崔毅陈碧鹃陈聚法(中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,青岛266071)【摘要】探讨了投饵和非投饵两种养殖方式自身污染对海洋环境的影响.结果表明,海水养殖产量与营养盐类、COD和赤潮发生次数均呈正相关关系,其中无机氮含量和赤潮发生次数与虾养殖产量有显著正相关关系,说明海水养殖自身污染对邻近海域富营养化及赤潮发生有一定影响.通过黄渤海海水养殖向海洋排泄氮、磷、C
2、OD等污染物估算,分别占相应陆源污染物排海量的218%、513%、118%.虽然与人类其他活动向海洋排污量相比,水产养殖的排污量所占比重还不算大,对于某些局部水域,特别是海水养殖密集区,将对海洋环境的影响产生叠加作用,很可能成为刺激近海富营养化和赤潮发生的一个重要因素,应引起足够的重视.关键词海水养殖自身污染赤潮黄渤海富营养化文章编号1001-9332(2005)01-0180-06中图分类号X55文献标识码AEvaluationonself2pollutionofmarinecultureintheYellowSeaandBohai
3、Sea.CUIYi,CHENBijuan,CHENJufa(YellowSeaFisheriesResearchInstitute,ChineseAcademyofFisheryScience,Qingdao266071,China).2Chin.J.Appl.Ecol.,2005,16(1):180～185.Thispaperstudiedtherespectivecontributionoffeedingandnon2feedingmarinecultureonseawaterandredtideoccurrence.Theres
4、ultsshowedthattheannualoutputofmarinehadapositivecorrelationwiththenutrientsandCODintheYellowSeaandBohaiSea,ofwhich,thecorrelationbetweenDINcontentandshrimpyieldwassig2nificant.TheoutputalsohadapositivecorrelationwiththeoccurrencetimesofredtiderecordedintheYellowandSeaB
5、ohaiSea.Theseresultsillustratedthattheself2pollutionofmarineculturehadasignificantinfluenceontheeutrophicationandredtideoccurredintheneighboringwaters.ItwasestimatedthattheamountsofN,PandCODenteredintoseawaterthroughthemarinecultureintheYellowSeaandBohaiSeaaccountedfor2
6、18%,513%and118%oftheamountsofcorrespondingland2basedpollutantsenteredtothesea,respectively.Althoughthedischargeofthepollutantsproducedbymarineculturewaslessthanthatproducedbyotherhumanactivities,somelocalwaters,especiallydensemarinecultureareas,wouldbringoutsomeadditive
7、effectsonenvironment.Therefore,thepollutantsdischargedbymarineculturewereverylikelytobeanimportantfactorstimulatingtheeutrophicationandredtideoccurrenceincoastalwaters,whichshouldbepaidadequateattention.KeywordsMarineculture,Self2pollution,Redtide,YellowSea,BohaiSea,Eut
8、rophication.给潜在的有害生物创造了良好的滋生条件,给养殖环境带来1引言沉重的压力.很多学者认为在浅海养殖区,局部区域营养盐一直以来,在水产养殖与环境质量的相互关系上,人们含量的增加,使浮游植物在夏秋季可能大量
