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1、ComplaintConcerningtheLackofHistoryinTranslationHistoriesAnthonyPymLivivsN°1,1992,pp.1-11.Incompatibilitiesoftheprose-effecthypothesisItispossiblethatprosetranslationsofverseactivelyassistedintheprogressiveprosificationofEuropeanlyricalexpressioninthenineteenthcentury.This"prose-effecthypothesis"im
2、pliesthatprosetranslationsdidnotmerelyreflectdevelopmentsintheprosepoem,verslibreandpoeticprose,butwerecausallyrelatedtothesedevelopments.Assuch,thehypothesisisproperlyhistoricalinthatitidentifiesachangeprocess,itconstructsanexplanatorynarrative,itispotentiallyfalsifiableonthebasisofempiricaleviden
3、ceanditaddressesacontemporaryproblematic(itispertinenttothepositionofanytranslatorfacedwithachoicebetweenverseandproseastargetforms).Myproblemhereisnotwithdefendingthehypothesisassuch,butwithexplainingitsapparentincompatibilitywithseveralwidelyheldbeliefsaccordingtowhichnineteenth-centurytranslatin
4、gwaspredominantly"literalist","mimetic"ororientedtowards"formalequivalence".Accordingtothesebeliefs,19th-centurytranslatorsshouldmassivelyhaverenderedverseasverse,andtheprosificationofgenresystemsshouldonlyhavebeenaffectedbythetransferofexistingforms.Thatis,althoughitispossibletoseecertainmodesofpr
5、osificationashavingbeenassistedbymimetictranslationpractices(forexample,thetransferofblankversefromEnglishintoGermanandDutch,orLaforgue'sformallymimetictranslation–ofWhitmanasamajorsteptowardstheverslibre),theprose-effecthypothesisinsiststhatsometranslationsweremorethanmererepetitionsandactuallypar
6、ticipatedinaprocessofhistoricalchange.Eitherthehypothesisiswrongortrivial,orthereissomethingfundamentallywrongortrivialisinginsomecontemporaryapproachestotranslationhistory.Ishalldefendthelatteropinion.HistoryisneitherarchaeologynorcriticismMostofwhatarecommonlyacceptedastextsonthehistoryoftranslat
7、ioninfactbelongtoeitherarchaeologyorcriticism.Itisperhapsusefultoproposeafewbasicdefinitions:-Archaeologyaddressesthequestions"who?","where?","when?"and"what?(whichtext?)".Assuch,itprovidesthedataneededtode
