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ID:36642895
大小:1.11 MB
页数:6页
时间:2019-05-13
《菊花脑大孢子发生、雌配子体与胚胎发育的研究》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、万方数据南京农业大学学报2008,31(4):32—36如Mr,mZ矿№,彬增,49廊u如umZ跏妇H渺菊花脑大孢子发生、雌配子体与胚胎发育的研究滕年军,陈发棣+,马旭,侯喜林(南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095)摘要:利用常规石蜡制片、组织压片以及显微观察技术对菊属植物菊花脑(仇,砌u小船,嬲胍以i,增蹿me)大孢子发生、雌配子体及胚胎发育过程进行了研究。研究发现,雌蕊具有单子房、单胚珠、二裂状柱头,胚珠为倒生型;大孢子母细胞经过减数分裂形成线形排列的4个大孢子,其巾珠孔端大孢子为功能大孢子,能够进一步发育成单核胚囊,而合点端的3个大孢子在发育过程中逐渐解体;胚囊发育为
2、单孢子待宵草型,单核胚囊经过两次连续分裂,形成四核成熟胚囊,成熟胚囊珠孔端有2个助细胞和1个卵细胞,胚囊中央有1个单核中央细胞;胚胎发育过程可分为球形胚,心形胚、鱼雷胚和子叶胚4个阶段;雌配予体和胚胎在发育过程中,败育频率分别高达46%和75%以上。结果表明,菊花脑功能大孢子位于珠孔端和胚囊发育属于单孢子待宵草型是区别于大多数被子植物的重要生殖特征;雌配子体和胚胎发育过程中的大苣败育现象可能是菊花脑与栽培菊花种1.日J杂交结实率低的一个重要原囚。关键词:菊花脑;雌配子体;胚胎中图分类号:s682.1+l文献标志码:A文章编号:1000—2030(2008)04—0032一05In
3、vestigationonmegasporogenesis,megagametogenesisandembryogenesisinDP咒加咒mPm口以日乃忌Z,zgP咒sPTENGNian-jun,CHENFa—di’,MAXii,HOUXi—lin(CollegeofHorticulture,NanjingA出culturalUnjversity,N删ing210095,China)Abstract:Megasporogenesis,megagametogenesisandembryogenesisin珧蒯m眦^e,,m,m凡后扔gP琊ewereinvestigatedusin
4、gparaf6n8ection,atemporarymountmethodandmicroscopyinthecuITentstudy.TheI.esultsshowedthatthepistilhadtwostigmasandanovarythatcontainedoneanatmpousovuJe.Themegasporoc”eunderwentmeiosi8tofomalineartetmdwithfourhapluidmega—spores.AndthemegasporenearthemjcropylecontinuedtodevelopintoafunctionaIme
5、gasporethatwoulddevelopintoamononu.cleateembryosac,whereastheotherthreemegasporesnearthechaIaza目_aduaIIydegenemted.Thedevelopmentofembryosaccon-fo珊edtorhe0enotherafyl)e:themononucJea£eembryosacunderwenftwosuccessjvedivisionstofomlamafufeembfyosac1’rjthfourcells.ThematureembryosaconIyhadanegga
6、ndtwosynergid8nearthemicropyIeandacentralcellinthecenter.Theem—bryounderwentthestagesof—obularembryo,heartembryo,andtorpedoembryotodeveIopintomaturecotyledonembryo.Thepercentagesofabno册aIitiesduringmegagametogenesisandembryogenesiswere46%and75%,respectiVely.Theseresultssug-gestedthattworepmdu
7、ctivecharacteristicsinD.眦毗i,皤E珊e,i.e.thefunctionalmega8porewasnearthemicmpyleandthedevelop·mentofembr)rosacconf0珊ingtothe0enotheratype,wereimportantrepmductivehalImarkstIIatweresignmcantlydif玷rentf而mtlloseinmostan舀ospe瑚s.Inaddition,thehi曲perc
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