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1、Ockham’ssuppositiontheoryasaforerunnerofcomputationalsemanticsCatarinaDutilhNovaes1.IntroductionMedievaltheoriesofsuppositionareusuallypresentedasthemedievalcounterpartofourmoderntheoriesofreferences.However,atdifferentoccasions(DutilhNovaes2007,forthcominga)Ihavearguedthatthisappro
2、ximationisunwarranted,andthatitessentiallyhindersourunderstandingofthesemedievaltheories.Ihavealsoarguedthatifoneistolookfortheirmoderncounterpart,thentheoriesofsupposition(Ockham’sinparticular)arebestdescribedastheoriesofpropositionalmeaning,i.e.asanapparatusfor1thesemanticanalysis
3、andinterpretationofpropositions,ameansbywhichonemay2uncoverambiguitiesandclarifythem.Itis,inotherwords,atheoryofhermeneutics.Inwhatfollows,IintendtoshowthatOckham’stheory,besidesbeinghermeneutic,isalsoessentiallyformal:itprovidesaprocedurefortheanalysisofpropositionsthatcouldbemecha
4、nicallyappliedbyanybody(orevenbyamachine),alwaysyieldingthesame3results.Inthissense,histheorycontrastswithotherhermeneuticmethods,whichtypicallyrelyonthesubjectiveskillsoftheinterpreter.Moreover,Ockham’ssuppositiontheoryabstractsfromthespecificcontentofeachparticularproposition(sinc
5、ethemeaningofpropositionsispreciselywhatistobeestablished),asitisbasedonafinite,smallnumberofpropositionalschemata;whatdeterminestheschematowhichagivenpropositionbelongs–andthusthereading(s)itallowsfor–areformalfeaturessuchasthesemantickindofitstermsandthepresence/absenceofsyncatego
6、rematicterms,and4nottheparticularmeaningsofitsterms.Inordertospellouttheformal,algorithmiccharacterofOckham’ssuppositiontheory,Ipresenthereanon-symbolicreconstructionofit.Elsewhere(DutilhNovaes2007)Ihaveoutlinedthisaspectofthetheorybymeansofaformalization.Butsymbolizationandformaliz
7、ationarenotpre-conditionsforformality:asIhopetoshowhere,theformalcharacterofOckham’stheorycanalsobecapturedinplainwords.Thisreconstructionpresentsthetheoryasaformalproceduretogeneratethepossiblereadingsofsome1Here‘proposition’isunderstoodinitsLatinacceptationofpropositio,thatis,asad
8、eclarativesentence.
