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《英语语法之虚拟语气和语篇应用倒装》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、虚拟语气和语篇应用>>>1真实条件句真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中if是如果的意思。时态关系句型：条件从句:主句一般现在时 shall/will+动词原形Ifhecomes,hewillbringhisviolin.典型例题Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit___. A. willrain B.rains C.rained D.israined答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。注意：1）在真实条件句中，主句不能用begoingto表示将来，该用shall,will.(错)Ifyouleav
2、enow,youarenevergoingtoregretit.(对)Ifyouleavenow,youwillneverregretit.2）表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall(will)+动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。2非真实条件句1）时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。a. 同现在事实相反的假设。句型：条件从句 主句一般过去时 should(would)+动词原形Iftheywerehere,theywouldhelpyou.b. 表示于过去事实相反的假设。句型：条件从句 主句 过去
3、完成时 should(would)have+过去分词Ifshehadworkedharder,shewouldhavesucceeded. Thericewouldnothavebeenburntifyouhadbeenmorecareful. IfmylawyerhadbeenherelastSaturday,hewouldhavepreventedmefromgoing.Ifhehadcomeyesterday,Ishould/wouldhavetoldhimaboutit.含义：Hedidnotcomeyesterday,soIdidnottel
4、lhimaboutit.Ifhehadnotbeenillandmissedmanyclasses,hewouldhavemadegreaterprogress.含义：Hewasillandmissedmanylessons,sohedidnotmakegreaterprogress. c. 表示对将来的假想句型： 条件从句 主句一般过去时 should+动词原形were+不定式 would+动词原形should+动词原形Ifyousucceeded,everythingwouldbeallright.Ifyoushouldsucce
5、ed,everythingwouldbeallright.Ifyouweretosucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.3混合条件句 主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。）Ifithadrainedlastnight(过去),itwouldbeverycoldtoday(现在).4虚拟条件句的倒装 虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含
6、有were,should,或had,可将if省略，再把were,should或had移到从句句首，实行倒装。Weretheyherenow,theycouldhelpus.=Iftheywereherenow,theycouldhelpus.Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim=Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim. Shoulditrain,thecropswouldbesaved.=Wereittorain,thecropswouldbesaved.注意：在虚拟语气的从句中，动词
7、'be'的过去时态一律用"were"，不用was，即在从句中be用were代替。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgotolookforhim.如果我是你，就会去找他。Ifhewerehere,everythingwouldbeallright.如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。典型例题_____todothework,Ishoulddoitsomeotherday.A.IfwereI B.Iwere C.WereI D.WasI答案C.在虚拟条件状语中如果有were,should,had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前,变成were,should,had+主
8、语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的
