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1、2010年真题Sofaraswecantell,allhumanlanguagesareequallycompleteandperfectasinstrumentsofcommunication:thatis,everylanguageappearstobewell1equippedasanyothertosaythethingstheirspeakerswanttosay.2Theremayormaynotbeappropriatetotalkaboutprimitivepeoplesor3cultures,b
2、utthatisanothermatter.Certainly,notallgroupsofpeopleareequallycompetentinnuclearphysicsorpsychologyorthecultivationofriceortheengravingofBenaresbrass.Whereasthisisnotthefaultoftheirlanguage.4TheEskimoscanspeakaboutsnowwithagreatdealfurtherprecisionand5subtlet
3、ythanwecaninEnglish,butthisisnotbecausetheEskimolanguage(oneofthosesometimesmiscalled'primitive')isinherentlymorepreciseandsubtlethanEnglish.ThisexampledoesnotcometolightadefectinEnglish,6ashowofunexpected'primitiveness'.Thepositionissimplyandobviouslythatthe
4、EskimosandtheEnglishliveinsimilarenvironments.TheEnglish7languagewillbejustasrichintermsfordifferentkindsofsnow,8presumably,iftheenvironmentsinwhichEnglishwashabituallyusedmadesuchdistinctionasimportant.9Similarly,wehavenoreasontodoubtthattheEskimolanguagecou
5、ldbeaspreciseandsubtleonthesubjectofmotormanufactureorcricketifthesetopicsformedthepartoftheEskimos'life.Forobvioushistoricalreasons,10Englishmeninthenineteenthcenturycouldnottalkaboutmotorcarswiththeminutediscriminationwhichispossibletoday:carswerenotapartof
6、theirculture.Buttheyhadahostoftermsforhorse-drawnvehicleswhichsendus,puzzled,toahistoricaldictionarywhenwearereadingScottorDickens.Howmanyofuscoulddistinguishbetweenachaise,alandau,avictoria,abrougham,acoupe,agig,adiligence,awhisky,acalash,atilbury,acarriole,
7、aphaeton,andaclarence?2009年真题 Theprevioussectionhasshownhowquicklyarhymepasses fromoneschoolchildtothenextandillustratesthefurtherdifference(1)_____ betweenschoolloreandnurserylore.Innurseryloreaverse,learnt inearlychildhood,isnotusuallypassedonagainwhent
8、helittlelistener(2)__ hasgrownup,andhaschildrenoftheirown,orevengrandchildren.(3)_____ Theperiodbetweenlearninganurseryrhymeandtransmitting Itmaybesomethingfromtwentytoseventyyears.Wit
