中国蕨类植物孢子形态的研究V.铁角蕨科

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1、植物分类学报43(3):246–261(2005)doi:10.1360/aps030069ActaPhytotaxonomicaSinicahttp://www.plantsystematics.com中国蕨类植物孢子形态的研究V.铁角蕨科1,21*1戴锡玲王全喜包文美1(上海师范大学生命与环境科学学院上海200234)2(华东师范大学生命科学学院上海200062)SporemorphologyofpteridophytesfromChinaV.Aspleniaceae1,21*1DAIXi-LingWANGQuan-XiBAOWen-Mei1

2、(LifeandEnvironmentalCollege,ShanghaiNormalUniversity,Shanghai200234,China)2(SchoolofLifeSciences,EastChinaNormalUniversity,Shanghai200062,China)AbstractSporemorphologyof59speciesbelongingtoeightgeneraofAspleniaceaefromChinawasobservedunderscanningelectronmicroscope(SEM).Thes

3、poresaremonolete,bilaterallysymmetric,elliptic,broadlyellipticorsubroundedinpolarviewandkidney-shaped,elliptic,broadlyellipticorsubroundedinequatorialview.Thepolaraxesare19-41µmlong,andtheequatorialaxesare23-60µm.Theexosporeissmoothandthesurfaceornamentationisformedbytheperis

4、pore.Onthebasisoftheirornamentationpatterns,thesporesaredividedintosixtypes.(1)Fenestrate.SporesofAspleniumgriffithianum,A.pekinenseandA.humistratumbelongtothistype.(2)Lophate.SporesofsevenspeciesofthegenusAspleniumbelongtothistype.(3)Alate.Sporesof14speciesofthegenusAspleniu

5、mandofBoniniellacardiophylla,Camptosorussibiricus,Sinephropterisdelavayi,Ceterachopsispaucivenosa,Phyllitisscolopendrium,andCeterachofficinarumbelongtothistype.(4)Alate-lophate.Sporesoftwenty-onespeciesofthegenusAspleniumandsixspeciesoftheNeottopterisbelongtothistype.(5)Corne

6、ate.SporesofNeottopterislatibasisbelongtothistype.(6)Sericate.ThistypeisfoundonlyinCeterachopsislatibasis.SometaxonomicproblemsintheAspleniaceaearediscussedbasedonsporemorphology.KeywordsAspleniaceae,sporemorphology,pteridophyte,China.摘要利用扫描电镜对国产铁角蕨科Aspleniaceae8属59种植物的孢子形态进行

7、了观察。铁角蕨科植物孢子为单裂缝,两侧对称,极面观为椭圆形、宽椭圆形或近圆形;赤道面观为肾形、半圆形、宽椭圆形、椭圆形或近圆形。极轴长17-41µm,赤道轴长23-60µm。外壁光滑。周壁较厚,由周壁形成孢子的表面纹饰。主要纹饰类型有6种:(1)窗孔状纹饰。铁角蕨属Asplenium的厚叶铁角蕨A.griffithianum、北京铁角蕨A.pekinense、肾羽铁角蕨A.humistratum属于此种类型。(2)脊状纹饰。铁角蕨属的假大羽铁角蕨A.pseudolaserpitiifolium、毛轴铁角蕨A.crinicaule等7种属于此种类型

8、。(3)翅状纹饰。铁角蕨属有14种属于此种类型,如江南铁角蕨A.loxogrammioides、齿果铁角蕨A.cheilesorum等;