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1、生物多样性2010,18(6):615–621BiodiversitySciencehttp://www.biodiversity-science.net不同土壤水分和养分条件下喜旱莲子草与同属种生长状况的比较研究*王坤杨继陈家宽(复旦大学生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室、长江河口湿地生态系统野外科学观测研究站,上海200433)摘要:喜旱莲子草(Alternantheraphiloxeroides)入侵已在中国造成巨大的生态和经济损失。为揭示喜旱莲子草成功入侵的生态机制并预测其种群扩张趋势及其与环境因子的关系,作者比较了喜旱莲子草与其同属
2、的外来弱入侵种刺花莲子草(A.pungens)以及土著种莲子草(A.sessilis)在不同土壤水分、养分条件下的生长状况。结果显示:在高水高肥条件下,喜旱莲子草的生物量要高于刺花莲子草和莲子草,而在低水低肥条件下却不如这两个同属种;弱入侵种刺花莲子草在低水条件下的生物量要高于强入侵种喜旱莲子草和土著种莲子草,说明植物的入侵性受环境条件的影响。另外,强入侵种喜旱莲子草形态学性状的可塑性较高,在各种条件下都具有较高的比叶面积,暗示这两个指标可作为莲子草属外来植物入侵性的预测指标。关键词:Alternantheraphiloxeroides,同属种
3、,生物量,比叶面积,表型可塑性,入侵预测Comparisonofmorphologicaltraitsbetweenalligatorweedandtwocongenersunderdifferentwaterandnutrientconditions*KunWang,JiYang,JiakuanChenCoastalEcosystemsResearchStationoftheYangtzeRiverEstuary,MinistryofEducationKeyLaboratoryforBiodiver-sityScienceandEcologi
4、calEngineering,InstituteofBiodiversityScience,FudanUniversity,Shanghai200433Abstract:Alligatorweed(Alternantheraphiloxeroides),aworldwidenoxiousweed,hascausedenormousecologicalandeconomiclossesinChina.Tobetterunderstandthespecies’successfulinvasion,andtopredictrelationshipsb
5、etweenexpansionofitspopulationandenvironmentalconditions,wecomparedmorphologicaltraitsofalligatorweedwithtwocloselyrelatedspecies,i.e.thegeographicallyrestrictedalienA.pungensandthenativeA.sessilis,underdifferentwaterandnutrientconditionsinacommongardenexperiment.Com-paredto
6、A.pungensandA.sessilis,alligatorweedproducedmorebiomasswithhighavailabilityofwaterandnutrients,butdidnotinconditionsoflowwateravailability.Theseresultssuggestthattheinvasivenessofal-ligatorweedmaybeinfluencedbyenvironmentalconditions.Inaddition,alligatorweedhadmarginallygrea
7、terspecificleafarea(SLA)andphenotypicplasticitythanitscongeners.PhenotypicplasticityandSLAmaythushavepredictivevalueforinvasivenessofalienspeciesundermultipleenvironmentalconditions.Keywords:Alternantheraphiloxeroides,congeneticspecies,biomass,SLA,phenotypicplasticity,invasi
8、onprediction外来种入侵是目前世界各国普遍面临的问题,外来物种都能发展成为恶性入侵种。根据“十数定不仅影响当地生态系统的结构和功能,威胁区域
