多功能农业与中国农业政策研究

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1、分类号：——密级：——单位代码：!Q鱼旦Z学号：至QQ墨)Q!璺面北大学博士学位论文指导教师：煎塑徨专业技术职务：教授答辩日期：二oo七年五月西北大学博士学位论文MultifunctionalityandChineseAgriculturalPolicyAbstractFormorethanhalfacentury，undertheguidingoftraditionalgrowthanddevelopmentmodels，bothdevelopedanddevelopingcountrieshaveconsideredthe

2、iragriculturalsectorasa“servemaid”forotherindustriesandtheirurbanareas．Therolethatagricultureplayedwas．toserveeconomicgrowth．“Agricultureitselfinnatureistheproductionoffood”．Accompaniedbytheincreasinguseofnewtechnologiesandglobalization，agricultureWasseriouslyimpair

3、edallovertheworld．Asthebiggestdevelopingcountryintheworld，Chinahasmadegreatachievementssincethelasttwodecades；meanwhile，shefacesmoreseriousfarm—relatedproblems．Sincetheyear2004，Chineseagriculturalpolicyhaschangedremarkably．Solvingofthethreefarm-relatedproblemsandcon

4、structionofnewruralareasarethemaincomponentsoftheharmonioussociety．Forthisreason，continuingmeasureshavebeentakenfavorablytofarmers．Buttheturningfrom“taking”to“giving”isjustatitsbeginning．Theclassicaleconomicapproachbasedonseparateproduction，privategoods，noexternalit

5、yandzerotransactioncostarenolongerfitwellintothenewcontext．Intheendof1980s，thenotionofmultifunctionalityemerged“inathoroughlyrethinkingabouttheroleandfunctionofagricultureinmodemsociety，andchangesofagriculturesysteminthefuture．’’Thebasicideabehindmultifunctionalityi

6、sthatagriculturalproductionprovidesnotonlyfoodandfibre，butalsodifferentnon．marketcommodities．Asaphilosophy,amethodologyandanobjective，MFAincorporatesallthenaturesofagricultureespeciallyjointness，externalitiesandpublicgoodscharacteristicsintoasingleframework，andhasga

7、inedmoreandmoreattentions．Manyoftheagriculturalpolicymakersconsidermultifunctionalagriculturethenewdirectionofagriculturepolicyandapowerfultrendoffutm'eagriculture．ThisPaperaimstodevelopatheoreticalframeworkforChineseagriculturepoliciesbasedontheresearcheshavebeendo

8、nebyothers．Thestresswillputonthenon-commodities．Themainresultsare：Agricultureismultifunctional，themultifunctionalityderivedfromvariouscomm