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1、中国科学院教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心博士学位论文区域水土流失生态风险评价研究姓名：张志国申请学位级别：博士专业：土壤学指导教师：李锐20070601II区域水土流失生态风险评价研究流域重点治理区的布设也证明了这个结论。延河流域水土流失风险评价的结果基本正确，区域水土流失生态风险评价模型框架是可行的。（5）对延河流域的风险管理做了初步讨论，认为在延河流域水土流失生态风险评价的基础上，首先应对区域进行风险分区，按照风险级别的高低依次治理。主要的风险控制措施为政府规划、宣传教育，以及进行水土流失综合治理。由于是初次进行区域水土流失风险评价的研究，
2、所以在风险评价模型、风险管理和GIS的结合都存在着不足之处，需要进一步的深入研究。关键词：水土流失生态风险风险评价风险管理区域ABSTRACTIIIRegionalEcologicalRiskAssessmentofSoilErosionAbstractAdvisors:Prof.LiRuiSpeciality:SoilScienceStudent:ZhiguoZhangResearchfield:GISapplicationinSoilScienceSoilerosionissevereinChina,andthetaskofcomprehen
3、sivecontrollingsoillossishard.BasedonthesoilerosionintensityandsoilerosionmodulusinChina,thegovernmentconstructedsoilerosionzoningandmadesoilandwaterconservationplanning.Butitisnotveryreasonableasthegovernmentdidn’tconsidertheregionalpotentialdamagesandpreventionbeforehand.In
4、1990’s,theresearchofecologicalriskassessmenthasbeendevelopedinvolvingecology,economics,environmentalscience,geographyandbiology.Ecologicalriskassessmentcanforecast,analyze,andevaluatesthedamagesofuncertaindisastersoreventsinthespecialecosystemanditscomponents.Ecologicalriskas
5、sessmentisahotandpioneeringfieldinenvironmentalsciencenow.Inordertoprovidescientificsupporttogovernmentintermsoffullysoilerosionassessment,planningofsoilandwaterconservation,andeffectivelycontrollingsoilloss,theresearchaboutregionalecologicalriskassessmentofsoilerosionwasmade
6、inthisthesis.Someprogressesaremadeasfollowing:(1)Theconceptofregionalecologicalriskofsoilerosionwasdefined,andtheframeworkofregionalecologicalriskassessmentofsoilerosionwasbuiltup.Theassessmentprocesseswere:First,thestudyareaanditsbiophysicalstatuswereunderstood.Then,thedamag
7、epowerofsoilerosionwasevaluated.Thirdly,thepotentialecologicallossofsoilerosionwasestimated.Atlast,thefullyassessmentofecologicalriskofsoilerosionwasassessmented.(2)Themodelofassessingtheregionalecologicalriskofsoilerosionwasbuildup.Theinvolvedfactorswere1)thedamagepowerofsoi
8、lerosioninthestudyarea,2)theimportanceindexofitslandscape,3)thevulne
