森林水文服务市场化研究

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1、中国林业科学研究院博士学位论文森林水文服务市场化研究姓名：李玉敏申请学位级别：博士专业：生态学指导教师：侯元兆20070701AbstractHydrologicalservicesarethemostdirectlyrelevanttohumanbeingsamongvariousenvironmentalservicesproddedbyforest．Alongwiththeincreaseofpopulation,developmentofeconomy,andenvironmentalpollution,watershedservicesofforestshavebecomescar

2、ceeconomicresources．Inrecentyears．alotofcountriesintheworldbegantopaymuchattentioninpromotingwatershedservicesthroughmarketapproaches．M孤ketregulationofthebenefitdistributionbetweentheprovidersandbeneficiariesofwatershedservicesofforestsactuallyinternalizedtheexterioreconomicpropertiesofforestecolog

3、icalbenefits．BasedonForestEcology,NaturalResourceandEnvironmentalEconomics，etc．，thispaperanalyzedtheeconomicpropertiesofwatershedservicesofforests，theformofcompensationforwatershedservicesofforests，andtheadvantagesandrisksofmarketsupplyofwatershedservicesbymarkets．OnthebasisofreviewofdomesticandOVa

4、'SeasexpcTienceS，thispaperdiscussedthedrivingforces，marketfactors，marketpatterns，andmarketoperationmechanismsinwatershedservicemarkets．Themajorconclusionsinclude：●11lehugedemandsforwatershedservicesofforestsarethebasisofmarketing；●Thescarcityofwatershedservicesenablesthemtobesuppliedthroughmarkets；

5、●Forthesupplyofwatershedservicesbymarkets．as廿-iesofdifficultieshave幻beovercome，suchasthedefinitionofservices，theidentificationofprovidersandbeneficiariesofservices，collectionofnecessaryinformation,multiplefinancingapproaches，andnecessaryinstiiutionalsupports；●Thereismuchpotentialformarketingofwater

6、shedserviccsofforestsinChina,thusitisfeasibleinsomecircumstances．●mmarketsofwatershedservicesinChinaareprimarilyinthepattemofgovernmentpurchase，whilepurchasebypdvatesectorsonlytakesplaceinapartofareas．Therefore，thispaperpresentedthefollowingproposalsaboutthepoliciesinmarketingofwatershedservicesoff

7、orestsinChina：●Toraisethelegalstatusofenvironmental,∞rviceofforests；Ⅱl●IncreasethepaymentstandardsforforestecologicalbenefitsinChina；●Toincorporatepublicpaymentwithmarketpayment；●Tofosterthemechanismsofsoci