资源描述:
《Module2 Environment problems Unit 4 Natural disasters--it做形式主语或宾语的用法》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、Module2EnvironmentproblemsUnit4Naturaldisastersit做形式主语或形式宾语1.It用作形式主语当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句子中作主语时,为保持句子结构前后平衡,避免头重脚轻,因此常用it作形式主语置于句首,而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用,本身无词义。Itbe+adjnp.p(for/ofsb)todosth主语从句doingsth+1.It+be+adj.+主语从句这是主语从句最常见的一种结构。ItisuncertainwhetherhecancometoJenny’sbirthdaypartyornot.注意:如
2、若形容词为important/necessary,good/wrongnatural...表达一种要求,命令或者责备时,多使用虚拟语气(should+V).但是如果只是表示陈述一个事实而不是强烈的感情,完全可以用一般的陈述语气。不过考试建议你还是多用虚拟语气Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglishwell.Itisnecessarythathe(should)rememberthesewords.2.It+be+过去分词+主语从句,这类过去分词有:announced,believed,expected,hoped,decided,reported,said
3、,shown等,如:Itisreportedthat16peoplewerekilledintheearthquake.Itisnotdecidedwhowillgivetheoperationtothepatient.ItissaidthathehascometoBeijing.注意:如果主句中的过去分词是表示请求,建议,命令等词如:suggested/ordered/demanded/insisted/commanded...等时that后的从句要用虚拟语(should+动词原形),should可以省;常译为,“据建议;有命令...)Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(
4、should)beputoff.Itwasorderedthatwe(should)arrivethereintwohours.3.It+be+名词词组+主语从句这类名词有:afact,apity,ashame,anhonour,aquestion等,如:It’sapitythatyoumissedtheexcitingfootballmatch.Itremainsaquestionwhetherhewillcomeornot.注意:如若表示出乎意料之意时,从句一般用虚拟语气常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时,则不用虚拟语气。Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happe
5、ninyourclass.4.It+不及物动词+主语从句这类不及物动词有:appear,seemhappen,matter等。译为好像……/碰巧……/如:Itseemedthathedidn’ttellthetruth.IthappenedthatIwasoutwhenhecalled.5.It+be+形容词+(forsb.)+动词不定式这类句型常用形容词easy,difficult,hard,important,possible,wise等作表语,有时候为了强调不定式动作的执行者,常在不定式前加forsb,译为“对某人来说做某事怎么样”如:It’snecessaryfortheyoungto
6、mastertwoforeignlanguage.Itisunwisetogivethechildrenwhatevertheywant.6.It+be+形容词+ofsb.+动词不定式这类形容词常是表示心理品质,性格特征的形容词,如:kind,nicestupid,clever,foolish,polite,impolite,silly,selfish,considerate等。某人和这些形容词可以构成主系表结构。如:It’sverykindofyoutohelpmewiththework.=Youarekindtohelpme.Itseemedselfishofhimnottosharehi
7、sdictionarywithothers.=Heseemedselfishnottosharehisdictionarywithothers.7.It+be+名词词组+动词不定式,如:Itisnotagoodhabittostayuptoolate.8.It+be+名词或形容词+动名词,这类名词和形容词常常是:good,nogood,nouse,awasteof…,useless,sensele