(医学)普度大学发育生物学课件

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1、BIOL595DevelopmentalBiologyFall20108-24-10IntroductionCourseOverviewPre-requestsTextbooksExamdatesGradingSchoolPolicyThegoalofthiscourseisto…studytheregulationofzygotedevelopmentZygoteFertilizedeggDiploidycontainschromosomesofbothmaleandfemaleparentsHowdoesasingle

2、cell(zygote)transformintoacomplexorganism?2)Pluripotent–Potentialofacelltogenerateallcelltypesexceptextraembryonictissue-Examples:embryonicstemcellsandinducedpluripotentstem(ips)cells1)Totipotent–Abilityofasinglecelltodivideandproduceallthedifferentiatedcellsinano

3、rganism,includingextraembryonictissuesCellPlasticity-developmentalpotential3)Multipotent–Potentialofacelltoformseverallineageswithinatissue-Examples:HaematopieticstemcellsandmesodermCellPlasticity-developmentalPotential4)Progenitor–Cellwiththecapacitytodifferentia

4、teanddividebutwithlimitedself-renewalpotentialCellDetermination–CommitmenttoalineageCommitment–StableactivationofageneexpressionprogramcharacteristicofalineageCellDifferentiation–Processbywhichcellsbecomemorespecializedacquiringnewidentities-Cellsofthesamedevelopm

5、entaloriginsharingasimilarphenotype/functionSpecificationofDistinctCellLineages–Involvecell-extrinsicsignals–Involvecell-IntrinsictranscriptionalactivitiesTranscriptionFactorTranscriptionManybinaryjuncturesduringdevelopmentseemtobegovernedbycross-antagonistictrans

6、criptionfactorinteractionsCellFatesbyCross-antagonismsusingTranscriptionFactorsBinaryModelofPU.1andGata1antagonism1)Toactivateatargetgeneinerythroidcells,Gata1recruitsthehistoneacetylaseCREB-bindingprotein2)OverexpressionofPU.1-displacesCBPbybindingtoGata1andrecru

7、itsRbaswellasSuv39protein-resultsinmethylationoflysine9inhistoneH3LeadstotherecruitmentofHP1acausesrepressionofthetargetgeneofGata1LineageOutcomebySequentialParticipationofTranscriptionFactorsSwitchingCellLineage1)Lineagereprogramming–Conversionofcellsfromonelinea

8、getoanother-Termcoversbothtransdifferentiationandtransdetermination2)Transdifferentiation–Reprogrammingofonespecializedcelltypeintoanother,withoutrevers