unit 3 science versus nature 导学案 11

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1、Unit3Scienceversusnature导学案11一、V-ed分词具有形容词和副词性质，在句中可充当定语、表语、宾语补语、状语。1．作定语过去分词作定语，表示已经完成的被动的动作或状态，但不及物动词构成的过去分词只表示完成，而不表示被动意义。例如：完成+被动：apollutedriveralockedroomawell-educatedman只有完成：aretiredworkerafallenleafboiledwater作定语的V-ed分词也有前置和后置两种情况。单个过去分词作定语，常常位于被修饰的名词前；而

2、过去分词短语作定语时，常常位于被修饰的名词后面，相当于一个定语从句。Eg.1).Youshouldimproveyourspoken(speak)English.2).What’sthelanguagespoken(speak)inthatarea？=.What’sthelanguagewhich/thatisspoken(speak)inthatarea？3).Thefiremenweretryingtorescuethepeopletrappedinthefire.=Thefiremenweretryingtore

3、scuethepeoplewhowastrappedinthefire.4).Themeeting，attendedbyonethousandstudents，wasasuccess.=Themeeting，whichwasattendedbyonethousandstudents，wasasuccess.2．作表语作表语的V-ed分词大多转化成为形容词，通常用于联系动词之后(例如be，seem，appear，look，sound，feel，remain，stay，become，get等)，表示主语所处的状态1).Ed

4、isonbecameinterested(interest)insciencewhenhewasveryyoung.2).Shelooksveryexcited(excite)atthenews.3).WhenIwascleaningthewindow，myfingergotcut(cut)unexpectedly.3．作宾语补足语如果宾语与后面作宾补的动词构成被动关系，则使用V-ed分词作宾补。可以带V-ed分词作宾补的词有：with，see，watch，observe，notice，lookat，hear，list

5、ento，feel，sense，find，leave，keep，get，have，make.1).Ihadmymoneystolen(steal)onthebus.2).AsheknowslittleEnglish，hefindsitdifficulttomakehimselfunderstood(understand).3).Inthemorning，peoplewokeupandfoundtheworldoutsidetheirhousescompletelychanged(change).4．作状语作状语的V-e

6、d分词与主句之间常有逗号隔开，在句中可表示时间，原因，条件，让步，伴随等情况，并可转化为相应的状语从句。作状语的V-ed和主句的主语常有被动关系。1)时间状语Seenfromspace，theearthlooksblue.=Whentheearthisseenfromspace，itlooksblue.Askedwhathadhappened，heloweredhishead.=Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened，heloweredhishead.2)原因状语Bornintoapoorfamil

7、y，hehadonlytwoyearsofschooling.=Ashewasbornintoapoorfamily，hehadonlytwoyearsofschooling.Becausetheyweremovedbythestory，theydecidedtohelpher.=Movedbythestory，theydecidedtohelpher.3)条件状语Givenmoretime，wearesuretofinishit.=Ifwearegivenmoretime，wearesuretofinishit.Co

8、mparedwithotherprofessors，sheisanexcellentspeaker.=.4)让步状语Laughedatbyeverybody,hehadmysympathy.=Thoughhewaslaughedatbyeverybody,hehadmysympathy.Eventhoughhewasdefeate