资源描述：
《《与工业管理》ppt课件》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、創新、擴散、與工業管理陳慶文 高雄第一科技大學 資訊管理系(所)暨電子化企業研究所中華民國97年12月24日1Oneofthegreatestpainstohumannatureisthepainofanewidea.It...makesyouthinkthatafterall,yourfavoritenotionsmaybewrong,yourfirmestbeliefsill-founded...Naturally,therefore,commonmenhateanewidea,andaredisposedmoreorlesstoill-treattheo
2、riginalmanwhobringsit.-WalterBagehotPhysicsandPolitics2TheSnowmobileRevolutionintheArcticTheSkoltLappsTexttakenfromRogers,E.M.,1995,DiffusionofInnovations(NewYork:FreePress),p.406-8.34IntheUnitedStatesthesnowmobileisameansofwinterrecreation.Sincetheinventionofthe"Ski-Doo,"aone-person
3、snowvehicle,in1958,theadoptionofsnowmobilesspreaddramatically,andwithinadozenyearsoveramillionwereinuseinNorthAmerica.5ButamongtheSkoltLapps,areindeer-herdingpeopleofNorthernFinlandwholiveabovetheArcticCircle,therapidintroductionofsnowmobilescausedfar-reachingconsequencesthatwereterm
4、ed"disastrous”…6Priortotheintroductionofsnowmobiles,theSkoltLappsherdedsemi-domesticatedreindeerfortheirlivelihood.Reindeermeatwasthemainfood. Reindeersledsweretheprincipalmeansoftransportation,reindeerhideswereusedformakingclothingandshoes. Surplusmeatwassoldattradingstoresforcashto
5、buyflour,sugar,tea,andotherstaples.7TheLappssawthemselvesmainlyasreindeer-herders,andprestigewasaccordedtomenwhohadagoodstringofdraughtreindeer.Lappsocietywasanegalitariansysteminwhicheachfamilyhadapproximatelyequalnumberofanimals.8Skoltchildrenreceiveda"first-toothreindeer,"a"name-d
6、ayreindeer,"andgiftsonvariousotheroccasions,includingweddinggiftsofreindeer,sothatanewhouseholdbeganwithasmallherdofthebelovedanimals.TheLappsfeltaspecialrelationshipwiththeirreindeer,andtreatedthemwithmuchcare. ThereindeerwasthecentralobjectinLappculture.9In1961aBombardierSki-Doofro
7、mCanadawasdisplayedinRovaniemi,thecapitalcityofFinnishLapland. Aschoolteacherpurchasedthissnowmobileforrecreationaltravel,butsoonfoundthatitwasusefulforhaulingwoodandstoreboughtsupplies.TheLappsbeganusingsnowmobilesforreindeerherding. Withinthefollowingyear,twoski-dooswerepurchasedfo
8、rherdingrein
