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1、TheAttributiveClause定语从句一个美丽的女孩abeautifulgirlbeautiful（形容词作前置定语）一个穿白色衣服的女孩agirlinwhiteinwhite（介词短语作后置定语）一个正唱歌的女孩agirlissingingwhoissinging（定语从句，修饰或限定名词girl）定语是句子成分之一，可以由单词、短语或从句担当，对名（代）词修饰和限制。常有形容词充当，（另外名词、数词、非谓语动词（短语）、介词短语也可以担当定语。）且单个词作定语一般前置，短语和从句作定语常后置，翻译成“……的thetallthe
2、strongthecleverboyTheboywhoistallTheboywhoisstrongTheboywhoiscleverappletheredthegreenthesmallthebigTheapplewhichisredTheapplewhichisgreenTheapplewhichissmallTheapplewhichisbig定语从句是用于修饰名词或代词的从句定语从句的分类：A限制性定语从句B非限制性定语从句定语从句=｛先行词+关系词+从句｝1.被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”2.引导定语从句的词叫“关系词
3、”。☆关系词：A关系代词who,whom,whose,that,whichB关系副词when,where,why=（介词+关系代词）TheboywhoisreadingisTom.先行词theboy关系代词whoHospitalisaplacewhereadoctorworks.先行词aplace关系副词where先行词和关系词的关系1.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.themachine=that2.TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.theboy=who关系代词实际是先行词的复指3
4、.Theboywhoseparentsaredeadwasbroughtupbyhisgrandfather.theboy’s=whose关系代词whose实际上是先行词的所有格4.TheschoolwhereIstudyisfarfrommyhome.intheschool=where关系副词实际上是介词加先行词关系词判断步骤:首先，要看先行词。如果先行词是指人,关系代词可用who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系代词可用which,that或whose然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表先行词作主语作宾语作定语
5、人who,thatwho(m),thatwhose物which,thatwhich,thatwhose关系代词的用法★Who指人，在定语从句中作主语。Theboywhoisstandingthereismycousin.★whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语（可省）。Theman(whom)youmetyesterdayisMr.Smith★Whose(=ofwhom+the+nthe+nwhom;ofwhich+n,the+n+ofwhich)指人或指物，作定语。Doyouknowtheboywhosefather(thefatherofwh
6、om/ofwhomthefather)isanengineer.Helivesinahousewhosewindows(thewindowofwhich/ofwhichthewindow)facessouth.关系代词的用法★that指人或指物，作主语、宾语（可省）Idon’tknowabouttheman(that)youmentioned.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.★which指物，作主语、宾语（可省）Thepen(which)myunclegavemeismissing.Childrenliketoread
7、bookswhichhavewonderfulpicturesExercise1.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.4.Theboywith_______Johnspokeismybrother.whom4.My
8、parentsliveinahouse__________ismorethan100yearsold.5.Theboywith_______Johnspokeismybrothe
