广东省广州市天河中学高三高考英语二轮阅读理解（科普类）02 ---解析精品Word版

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1、-6-高考专题阅读理解（科普类）02四、Workingwithagroupofbaboons(狒狒)intheNamibiandesert,Dr.AleciaCarteroftheDepartmentofZoology,CambridgeUniversitysetbaboonslearningtasksinvolvinganovelfoodandafamiliarfoodhiddeninabox.Somebaboonsweregiventhechancetowatchanotherbaboonwhoalreadyknewhowtosolvethetask,

2、whileothershadtolearnforthemselves.Toworkouthowbraveoranxiousthebaboonswere,Dr.Carterpresentedthemeitherwithanovelfoodorathreatintheformofamodelofapoisonoussnake.Shefoundthatpersonalityhadamajorimpactonlearning.Thebraverbaboonslearnt,buttheshyonesdidnotlearnthetaskalthoughtheywatc

3、hedthebaboonperformthetaskoffindingthenovelfoodjustaslongasthebraveonesdid.Ineffect,despitebeingmadeawareofwhattodo,theywerestilltooshytodowhattheexperiencedbaboondid.Thesameheldtrueforanxiousbaboonscomparedwithcalmones.Theanxiousindividualslearntthetaskbyobservingotherswhilethose

4、whowererelaxeddidnot,eventhoughtheyspentmoretimewatching.Thismismatchbetweencollectingsocialinformationandusingitshowsthatpersonalityplaysakeyroleinsociallearninginanimals,somethingthathaspreviouslybeenignoredinstudiesonhowanimalslearntodothings.Thefindingsaresignificantbecausethe

5、ysuggestthatanimalsmayperformpoorlyincognitive(认知的)tasksnotbecausetheyaren’tcleverenoughtosolvethem,butbecausetheyaretooshyornervoustousethesocialinformation.Thefindingsmayimpacthowweunderstandtheformationofcultureinsocietiesthroughsociallearning.Ifsomeindividualsareunabletogetinf

6、ormationfromothersbecausetheydon’tassociatewiththeknowledgeableindividuals,ortheyaretooshytousetheinformationoncetheyhaveit,informationmaynottravelbetweenallgroupmembers,preventingtheformationofaculturebasedonsociallearning.59.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.ThedesignofDr.Car

7、ter’sresearch.B.TheresultsofDr.Carter’sresearch.-6--6-C.ThepurposeofDr.Carter’sresearch.D.ThesignificanceofDr.Carter’sresearch.60.Accordingtotheresearch,whichbaboonsaremorelikelytocompleteanewlearningtask?A.Thosethathavemoreexperience.B.Thosethatcanavoidpotentialrisks.C.Thosethatl

8、iketoworkindependently.D.Thosetha