自考-英语-国家概况汇总版

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1、#*　Chapter1　LandandPeople一、本章知识点　　1.重点：　①DifferentnamesforBritainanditsparts　　2.难点、考点：①Britain’sofficialname　　②BritishCommonwealth　　三、课本内容　　（一）DifferentnamesforBritainanditsparts　　　　Strictlyspeaking,theBritishIsles,GreatBritainandEnglandareallgeographicalnames.　　1.TheBritis

2、hIslesaremadeupoftwolargeislandsandhundredsofsmallislands.（seemapofUK）ThetwolargeislandsareGreatBritainandIreland.GreatBritainisthelargerofthesetwoislands.　　2.★TheofficialnameoftheUnitedKingdomistheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.Butitistoomuchofamouthfultosay

3、suchalongnameforacountry,sopeoplejustsayBritain,theUnitedKingdomorsimplyU.K.　　（UK）capital:London　　TheRepublicofIreland爱尔兰共和国hasbeenanindependentrepublicsince1949anditscapitalisDublin.　　3.TherearethreepoliticaldivisionsontheislandofGreatBritain:England,Scotland,andWales.Engl

4、andisthelargest,mostpopulousandrichest,sopeopletendtouse“England”and“English”whentheymean“Britain”and“British”.　　4.TheBritishEmpire大英帝国:onefourthoftheworld’speopleandonefourthoftheworld’slandarea.　　5.TheBritishEmpiregraduallydisappearedanditwasreplacedbytheBritishCommonweal

5、thortheCommonwealthofNationsin1931.★TheCommonwealthisafreeassociationofindependentcountriesthatwereoncecoloniesofBritain.Membernationsarejoinedtogethereconomicallyandhavecertaintradingarrangements.TheCommonwealthhasnospecialpowers.ThedecisiontobecomeamemberoftheCommonwealth

6、islefttoeachnation.如果出简答,则只需要第一句话.　　（二）Others　　GeographicalFeatures　　1.TheUnitedKingdomisseparatedfromtherestofEuropebytheEnglishChannelinthesouthandthe#*NorthSeaintheeast.TheEnglishChannelliesbetweenBritainandFrance.（p.4）　　TaiwanStrait：台湾海峡　　2.“Chunnel”:channel+tunnel,open

7、edtotrafficin1994.（p.5）　　Smog:smoke+fog　　Mortel:motor+hotel　　Kidult:kid+adult　　3.ThehighestmountaininBritain:BenNevis,1,343minScotland.（p.6）　　Thelongestriver:theSevernRiver（338km）　　Thesecondlargestandmostimportantriver:theThamesRiver（336km）（p.7）　　4.90%ofthepopulationisurban

8、andonly10%isrural.（p.11）　　5.TheEnglishareAnglo-Saxons盎格鲁撒克逊人,buttheScots,WelshandI