the_economist(经济学家)

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1、RegulatingexecutivepayinAmerica美国规范高管薪酬Knottingthepurse-strings捂紧钱袋子Aug6th2009

2、NEWYORKFromTheEconomistprinteditionCongressembarksonitslatestattempttoreinincorporateexcess国会近来竭力遏制企业薪酬泛滥WASHINGTON’Spoliticianshaverelishedthemanychancestofulminateagainstrecklessexecutivespresentedbytheeconomi

3、ccrisis,andtorestrainthemwithregulation.Congresstookadvantageofthebail-outtoimposecapsonbonusespaidbybankstakingmoneyfromthestate.TheuproaroverbonusespaidtoexecutivesatAmericanInternationalGroup,arescuedinsurer,promptedfurtherlegislation.AndonJuly31sttheHouseofRepresentativestookupthesubje

4、ctagain,passingabillthatwouldregulatepayatalllistedfirms—especiallybigfinancialones.华盛顿的政客们在享受着经济危机带给他们的诸多机会，他们一边怒斥企业高管无法无天，一边制定立法对其严加管束。国会利用救援方案强制实行奖金封顶，以限制银行拿国家的钱滥发奖金。靠国家救援方案获救的保险公司——美国国际集团（AmericanInternationalGroup）高管奖金案激起民愤，促使议会加强立法约束。7月31日，众议院旧事重提，通过一项规范所有上市公司——尤其是大型金融公司薪酬的议案。Thebill

5、,whichhasyettobeapprovedbytheSenate,wouldintroducetwobigchanges.First,itgivesshareholderstherighttovoteeachyearonpaypackagesforexecutives,including“goldenparachutes”forthosewholeave.Second,itallowsregulatorstoassesswhetherpaypracticesatfinancialinstitutionswithassetsof$1billionormorearelik

6、elytoencouragerisk-takingsoexcessivethatitthreatensthestabilityofthefinancialsystem.Ifso,theregulatorscandemandchanges.尚待参议院批准的议案，将引入两项重大变革。第一，议案赋予公司股东投票权，股东每年可以投票表决高管薪资是否合理，包括离职者的“金降落伞（高额离职补贴）”。第二，议案赋予监管者评估权，监管者可以评估10亿美元资产及10亿美元以上金融机构的薪资方案，评估其方案是否会鼓励过度冒险而危及金融系统稳定性。如果是，监管者可责令修改方案。Thebillal

7、sorequiresmembersofcompensationcommitteesofboardsofdirectorstobeindependent,formalisingwhatisnowstandardpractice.Consultantshiredbyboardstoadviseonexecutivepaymustalsobeindependent.Ratherbelatedly,thebillordersAmerica’scomptroller-generaltostudywhetherthereisaconnectionbetweencompensations

8、tructuresandexcessiverisk-taking.议案还要求，董事会的薪酬委员会必须由独立成员构成，借以将现在的标准做法正规化。此外，由董事会所雇的高管薪酬顾问也必须独立。另有条马后炮的规定是，议案指令美国总审计长研究薪酬计划与过度冒险之间是否有必然联系。BarackObamachampioneda“sayonpay”forshareholderslongbeforehebecamepresident.ItwouldbringAmericaintolinewithBritain,whichmadei