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1、电大学位英语考试模拟题PartIReadingComprehension（30%） Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAns
2、werSheet. Passage1 Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage: （76）Muchunfriendlyfeelingtowardscomputershasbeenbasedonthefearofwidespreadunemploymentresultingfromtheirintroduction.Computersareoftenusedaspartofautomatedproductionsystemsrequiringaleastpossiblenu
3、mberofoperators,causingthelossofmanyjobs.Thishashappened,forexample,inmanysteelworks. Ontheotherhand,computersdocreatejobs.Theyaremoreskilledandbetterpaid,thoughfewerinnumberthanthosetheyreplace.Manyactivitiescouldnotcontinueintheirpresentform.withoutcomputers,n
4、omatterhowmanypeopleareemployed.Examplesarethecheckclearingsystemofmajorbanksandtheweatherforecastingsystem. Whenafirmintroducescomputers,afewpeopleareusuallyemployedinkeyposts（suchasjobsofoperationsmanagers）whileotherstaffarere-trainedasoperators,programmers,an
5、ddatapreparationstaff.（77）Afterthenewsystemhassettleddownpeopleinnon-computerjobsarenotalwaysreplacedwhentheyleave,resultinginadecreaseinthenumberofemployees.Thisdecreaseissometimesbalancedbyasubstantialincreaseintheactivityofthefirm,resultingfromtheintroductiono
6、fcomputers. Theattitudesofworkerstowardscomputersvary.Thereisfearofwidespreadunemploymentandofthetakeoverofmanyjobsbycomputer-trainedworkers,makingpromotionforolderworkersnotskilledincomputersmoredifficult. Ontheotherhand,manyworkersregardthetrendtowardwideruse
7、ofcomputersinevitable.Theyrealizethatcomputersbringaboutgreaterefficiencyandproductivity,whichwillimprovetheconditionofthewholeeconomy,andleadtothecreationofmorejobs.ThisviewwassupportedbytheformerBritishPrimeMinister,JamesCallaghanin1979,whenhemadethepointthatne
8、wtechnologiesholdthekeytoincreasedproductivity,whichwillbenefittheeconomyinthelongrun. 1.Theunfriendlyfeelingtowardscomputersisdevelopedfrom ． A.thepos
