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1、电大学位英语考试模拟题、PartIReadingComprehension（30%） Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondinglett
2、erontheAnswerSheet. Passage1 Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage: （76）Muchunfriendlyfeelingtowardscomputershasbeenbasedonthefearofwidespreadunemploymentresultingfromtheirintroduction.Computersareoftenusedaspartofautomatedproductionsystemsrequir
3、ingaleastpossiblenumberofoperators,causingthelossofmanyjobs.Thishashappened,forexample,inmanysteelworks. Ontheotherhand,computersdocreatejobs.Theyaremoreskilledandbetterpaid,thoughfewerinnumberthanthosetheyreplace.Manyactivitiescouldnotcontinueintheirpr
4、esentformwithoutcomputers,nomatterhowmanypeopleareemployed.Examplesarethecheckclearingsystemofmajorbanksandtheweatherforecastingsystem. Whenafirmintroducescomputers,afewpeopleareusuallyemployedinkeyposts（suchasjobsofoperationsmanagers）whileotherstaffare
5、re-trainedasoperators,programmers,anddatapreparationstaff.（77）Afterthenewsystemhassettleddownpeopleinnon-computerjobsarenotalwaysreplacedwhentheyleave,resultinginadecreaseinthenumberofemployees.Thisdecreaseissometimesbalancedbyasubstantialincreaseintheac
6、tivityofthefirm,resultingfromtheintroductionofcomputers. Theattitudesofworkerstowardscomputersvary.Thereisfearofwidespreadunemploymentandofthetakeoverofmanyjobsbycomputer-trainedworkers,makingpromotionforolderworkersnotskilledincomputersmoredifficult.
7、Ontheotherhand,manyworkersregardthetrendtowardwideruseofcomputersinevitable.Theyrealizethatcomputersbringaboutgreaterefficiencyandproductivity,whichwillimprovetheconditionofthewholeeconomy,andleadtothecreationofmorejobs.ThisviewwassupportedbytheformerBri
8、tishPrimeMinister,JamesCallaghanin1979,whenhemadethepointthatnewtechnologiesholdthekeytoincreasedproductivity,whichwillbenefittheeconomyinthelongrun. 1.Theunfriendlyfeelingtowardscomputersisdevelopedfrom ． A.thepos
