长安大学测绘工程硕士专业英语考试试卷(2015级适用)

《长安大学测绘工程硕士专业英语考试试卷(2015级适用)》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。

1、长安大学测绘工程硕士专业英语试卷级，姓名，分数一、词汇或短语翻译（英译汉，15分）I・settlementobservation沉降观测2・deflectionobservation挠度观测3・propertylinesurvey物业线测量4.cross-sectionsurvey横断面测量5.geoidundulation^大地水准面波动6.orthometricheight正咼7.verylongbaselineinterferometry甚长基线干涉测量8.least・squaresadjustment最小二乘平差9.variance-covariancem

2、atrix方差•协方差矩阵10.normaldistribution正态分布II・indexerrorofverticalcircle竖盘指标差12.opticalplummet.光学对屮器13.connectingtraverse附合导线14.gridbearing坐标方位角15.zenithdistance天顶距二、词汇或短语翻译（汉译英，15分）1.工程测量engineeringsurvey2.施工放样constructionlayout3.竣工测量finishconstructionsurvey4.大地高geodeticheight5.参考椭球refere

3、nceellipsoid1.卫星激光测距）satellitelaserranging2.重力场gravitationalfield3.测量平差measurementadjustment4.多余观测redundantobservation5.点位中误差meansquareerrorofapoint6.粗差检验Grosserrortest7.自动H标识别automatictargetrecognitionATR8.几何水准测量geometricallevelling9.水准尺levelingrod10.平面控制网horizontalcontrolnetwork三、句了

4、翻译（英译汉，32分）1.Surveyingistheartofmakingsuchmeasurementsoftherelativepositionsofpointsonthesurfaceoftheearththat,ondrawingthemtoscale,naturalandartificialfeaturesmaybeexhibitedintheircorrecthorizontalorverticalrelationships.2.Theordinaryprocedureindeterminingelevations,suchasbalancingba

5、cksightandforesightdistanceindifferentialleveling,automaticallytakesintoaccountthecurvatureoftheearthandcompensatesforearthcurvatureandrefraction,andelevationsreferredtothecurvedsurfaceofreferencearesecuredwithoutextraeffortbythesurveyor.3.Thetypeofsurveyingthattakesthattakesintoaccou

6、ntthetrueshapeoftheearthiscalledgeodeticsurveying.Thistypeofsurveyofsurveyissuitedforlargeareasandlonglinesandisusedtofindthepreciselocationofbasicpointsneededforestablishingcontrolforothersurveys.Ingeodeticsurveying,thestationsarenonnallylongdistancesapart,andmorepreciseinstrumentsan

7、dsurveyingmethodsarerequiredforthistypeofsurveyingthanforplanesurveying.1.Distancebetweentwopointscanbehorizontal,slope,orvertical.Horizontalandslopedistancescanbemeasuredwithlotsoftechniquesofmeasurementdependingonthedesiredqualityoftheresult.2.TheadventofEDMinstrumenthascompletelyre

8、volut