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1、一.Tense(1.时间状语；2.动词)1・一般现在吋：1)和时间无关；Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.2)在时间和条件状语中，用一般现在时代替将来时。“主将从现”F11ringyouassoonas/ifhecomesback.2.现在进行吋：1)表示厌恶、感激等强烈的感情。Sheisalwayscookingsomedeliciousfoodforus.Heisalwaysfindingfaultwithhisemployees.3.一般过去时1)和表示过去的时间状语连用，女H:yesterday,lastweek,in1993,atthatt
2、ime,before■一,afewdaysago,when…等Hesmokedfortycigarettesadayatthattime.2)usedtodo,beusedtodoing,beusedtodosthHeusedtoworkfourteenhoursaday.Iamusedtogettingupearlyinthemorning・Thepenisusedtodrawthepicture・4.现在完成时(PresentPerfect)现在完成时的时间状语1)不确定的过去吋间状语：(already，yet)，before,recently,lately2)频率吋间状语：often
3、,sometimes,never,ever,once,twice,threetimes3)包括现在时间在内时间状语:now,just,today,thismorning(week9month),until(upto)now,sofar,inthepast(Iast)twodays(weeks,months),allday,forthreeyears,since19905.过去完成时(PastPerfect)1)过去的过去Theyfulfilledtheplanearlierthantheyhadexpected.2)过去完成时常和wbytheend(time)of+过去时间”连用3)har
4、dly/scarcely・・・when..・和nosooner・・・・than常用过去完成日寸=玄3soonasIhadhardlyreachedtheschoolwhenthebellrang.NosoonerhadIreachedtheschoolthanthebellrang.6.将来完成吋将来完成吋常和“bytheend(time)of+将来时间”连用。It'sreportedthatbytheendofthismonththeoutputofcementinthefactorywillhaverisenbyabout10%.WhenIcomebackintenyears*time
5、,allthoseoldhouseswillhavebeenpulleddown.二.动词语态1.主动代替被动1)S+V+adj/adv(sound,taste,smell,wash,write,wear)Thefoodtastesdelicious・Theclotheswasheseasily・2)S+be+adj+toV(难易程度impossible,hard,rough,easy)Thebookiseasytounderstand・Ilikeit/IhateitSVO三.SubjunctiveMood1)UnrealCondition(If,)IfClause(If-,)MainCl
6、ause()PresentPastFuturepast(were)would/should/could/might+VhadVedwould/should/could/might+haveVedshould+Vwould/should/could/might+VWereto+V①If省略:Were,should,had在主语前,省if.Haditnodifficultiesinlife,itwouldbetoosmooth.Weretherenoclouds,wewouldnotenjoythesun.②时间的交错Ifyouhadn'twatchedthatlatemovielastnig
7、ht,youwouldn'tbedozynow.IlikeitIhateitSVON2)RootV.■■■(that)S—:rather/time/sooner(past)—Others(should+V)Heinsistedthatallofthembepresentatthebanquet.(V:insist,require,recommend,suggest,order,..・)Youradvicethatheno
