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1、1.JurassicperiodmiddleperiodoftheMesozoicera，between185-135millionyearsago.Characterizedbythe(possible)originofanziospermsandthecontinuedsplitoftheworldwidesupercontinentofpangaea(泛大陆).侏罗纪2.Karyotypethechromosomalcharacteristicsofacell;also,arepresentationoftheC
2、hromosomesalignedinpairs.染色体组型，核型3.Kidneystonescrystallizeddepositsofexcesswastessuchasuricacid,calcium,andmagnesiumthatmayforminthekidneystones・肾结石4.Kingdomsfivebroadtaxonomiccategories(Monera,protista^plantae,Fungi,animalia)intowhichorganismsaregrouped,basedon
3、commoncharacteristics.5.Kreb'scyclebiochemicalcycleincellularaerobicMetabolismwhereacetylCoAiscombinedwithoxaloacetate(草酰乙酸)toformcitricacid;theresultingcitricacidisconvertedintoanumberofotherchemicals,eventuallyreformingoxaloacetate;NADH,someATP,andFADH2areprod
4、ucedandcarbondioxideisreleased・L1.Largeintestineconsistsofthececum盲肠,appendixcolon结肠，andrectum直肠；absorbssomenutrients,butmainlypreparesFeces粪便forelimination.smallintestine2.Lateralrootsrootsextendingawayfromthemain(ortaproot)root.3.Leafveinsvasculartissueinleave
5、s,arrangedinanet-likenetworkinPicots,andrunningparalleltoeachotherinMonocots.4.Leukocyteswhitebloodcells;primarilyengagedinfightinginfection.白血球，白血细胞leuk二white,colorless5.Lichensautotrophicorganismscomposedofafungus(sacorclubfungus)andaphotosyntheticunicellularo
6、rganism(e.g.,acyanobacterium蓝藻oralga)inasymbioticrelationship;areresistanttoextremesofcoldanddroughtandcangrowinmarginalareassuchasarctictundra.地衣1.LightreactionsthephotosyntheticprocessinwhichsolarenergyisharvestedandtransferredintothechemicalbondsofATP;canoccu
7、ronlyinlight.2.LogisticgrowthmodelamodelofpopulationgrowthinwhichthepopulationinitiallygrowsatanExponentialrateuntilitislimitedbysomefactor;then,thepopulationentersaslowergrowthphaseandeventuallystabilizes.3.Lungssac-likestructuresofvaryingcomplexitywherebloodan
8、dairexchangeoxygenandcarbondioxide;connectedtotheoutsidebyaseriesoftubesandasmallopening・Inhumans,thelungsaresituatedinthethoraciccavityandconsistoftheinternalairways
