生物专业英语词汇a-c

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1、A_1.Abiogenesisearlytheorythatheldthatsomeorganismsoriginatedfromnonlivingmaterial.Alsocalled:autogenesis,spontaneousgeneration自然发牛说，无牛源说认为牛命起源于无生命有机物的学说2.AbnormalhemoglobinHemozlobinmoleculewithadifferentshapeduetoanalteredAminoaddsequence(ultimatelycausedbyanaltere

2、dDNAbasesequence),suchasintheinheriteddiseasesickle-cellanemia.3.Abscisicacidaplanthonnonethatpromotesdormancyinperennialplantsandcausesrapidclosureofleafstomatawhenaleafbeginstowilt.4.AcetylcholineachemicalreleasedatNeuromuscularjunctionsthatbindstoreceptorsonthesur

3、faceoftheplasmamembraneofmusclecells,causinganelectricalimpulsetobetransmitted・Theimpulseultimatelyleadstomusclecontraction.5.AcetylCoAanintermediatecompoundformedduringthebreakdownofGlucosebyaddingatwo-carbonfragmenttoacarriermolecule(CoenzymeAorCoA).6.Acidrainthepr

4、ecipitationofsulfuricacidandotheracidsasrain.TheacidsformwhensulfurdioxideandnitrogenoxidesreleasedduringthecombustionofFossilfuelscombinewithwaterandoxygenintheatmosphere・7.Acquiredimmunodeficiencysyndrome(aids)acollectionofdisordersthatdevelopasaresultofinfectionby

5、theHumanimmunodefidencyvims(hiv),whichattacksHelpertcellycripplingtheImmunesystemandgreatlyreducingthebody'sabilitytofightinfection;resultsinprematuredeathbroughtaboutbyvariousdiseasesthatoverwhelmthecompromisedimmunesystem・1.ActintheproteinfromwhichMicrofilamentsare

6、composed;formsthecontractilefilamentsofsarcomeresinmusclecells・2.Activetransporttransportofmoleculesagainstaconcentrationgradient(fromregionsoflowconcentrationtoregionsofhighconcentration)withtheaidofproteinsinthecellmembraneandenergyfromATP.Passive被动的3.Adaptationten

7、dencyofanorganismtosuititsenvironment;oneofthemajorpointsofCharlesDarwin'stheoryofevolutionbyNaturalselection:organismsadapttotheirenvironment.ThoseorganismsbestadaptedwillhaveagreaterchanceofsurvivingandpassingtheirGenesontothenextgeneration.4.Adenineoneofthefournit

8、rogen-containingbasesoccurringinNucleotides,thebuildingblocksoftheorganicmacromoleculegroupknownasNucleicadds(DNAandRNA).Adenineisa