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1、词义猜测阅读理解专题四：词义猜测题LifeintheClearTransparentanimalsletlightpassthroughtheirbodiesthesamewaylightpassesthroughawindow・Theseanimalstypicallylivebetweenthesurfaceoftheoceanandadepthofabout3,300feet—asfarasmostlightcanreach.Mostofthemareextremelydelicateandcanbedamagedbyasimpletouch
2、・SonkeJohnsen,ascientistinbiology,says,“Theseanimalslivethroughtheirlifealone・Theynevertouchanythingunlessthey'reeatingit,orunlesssomethingiseatingthem.”Andtheyareasclearasglass.Howdoesananimalbecomesee-through?It，strickierthanyoumightthink・Theobjectsaroundyouarevisiblebecause
3、theyinteractwithlight.Lighttypicallytravelsinastraightline・Butsomematerialsslowandscatter（散身寸）light,bouncingitawayfromitsoriginalpath.Othersabsorblight,stoppingitdeadinitstracks・Bothscatteringandabsorptionmakeanobjectlookdifferentfromotherobjectsaroundit,soyoucanseeit.easily.B
4、utatransparentobjectdoesn，tabsorborscatterlight,atleastnotverymuch.Lightcanpassthroughitwithoutbendingorstopping.Thatmeansatransparentobjectdoesn'tlookverydifferentfromthesurroundingairorwater・Youdon，tseeit—youseethethingsbehindit.Tobecometransparent,ananimalneedstokeepitsbody
5、fromabsorbingorseatieringlight.Livingmaterialscanstoplightbecausetheyc.ontainpigments（色素）thatabsorbspecificcolorsoflight.Butatransparentanimaldoesn，thavepigments,soitstissueswon，tabsorblight.AccorclingtoJohnsen,avoidingabsorptionisactuallyeasy.Therealchai1engeispreventing1ight
6、fromscattering.Animalsarebuiltofmanydifferentmaterials—skin,fat,andmore—andlightmovesthrougheachatadifferentspeed.Everytimelightmovesintoamaterialwithanewspeed,itbendsandscatters.Transparentanimalsusedifferent,trickstofightscattering.Someanimalsaresimplyverysmallorextremelyfla
7、t.Withoutmuchtissuetoscatterlight,itiseasiertobesee-through.Othersbuildalarge,clearmassofnon-livingjelly-like（果冻状的）materialandspreadthemselvesoverit.Largertransparentaninuilshavethebiggestchai1enge,becausetheyhavetomakeal1thedifferenttissuesintheirbodiesslowdownlightexactlyasm
8、uchaswaterdoes.Theyneedtolookuniform.Buthowthey'redoingitisst
