资源描述:
《目标英语八下unit资料总汇教学导案》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、Unit4Grade8(下)HesaidIwashard-working.单元教学资料总汇本周教学内容:Unit4一、学习目标:1.掌握直接引语与间接引语的意义、功能及用法;2.进一步熟练过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时)。二、学习重点难点:1.直接引语(DirectSpeech)是指原封不动的引用原话,把它放在引号内,例如:Mothertoldme,“Youshouldfinishyourhomeworkfirst,thenyoucangooutandplaywithyourfriends.”Theysaid,“Wewantto
2、havearest.”间接引语(ReportedSpeech,又叫IndirectSpeech)即用自己的话加以转述,被转述的话不放在引号内。上面两个例句变成间接引语应该是:MothertoldmethatIshouldfinishmyhomeworkfirstandthenIcouldgooutandplaywithmyfriends.Theysaidtheywantedtohavearest.2.当我们把直接引语变成间接引语时,由于引述动词(said,told等)一般都是过去时形式,因此间接引语中的动词时态、人称代词、限定词、
3、时间状语、地点状语等一般都要做相应的变化。有下面几种情况:1)现在时间推移到过去时间所谓现在时间推移到过去时间指一般现在时变为一般过去时,现在进行时变成过去进行时,现在完成时变成过去完成时。例如:Shesaid,“Iamhungry.”->Shesaid(that)shewashungry.Hesaid,“Thefamilyarefightingamongthemselves.”->Hesaid(that)thefamilywerefightingamongthemselves.Tomsaid,“Ihavefoundwhat’sw
4、rongwiththecomputer.”->Tomsaidhehadfoundwhatwaswrongwiththecomputer.在下列场合,尽管陈述动词为过去时形式,间接引语中的动词时态却不必改变,即:a)当引述的是客观事实、科学真理、现在习惯工作以及格言等内容时:Hesaid,“Theword‘laser’isanacronym(首字母缩略词).”->Hesaidtheword‘laser’isanacronym.b)当动词所表示的状态或动作在引述时仍在继续时:“I’mforty,”hesaid.->Hesaidheis
5、forty.29/29c)当谓语动词包含无过去时形式的情态助动词时:Hesaid,“Itmustbeprettylate.Ireallymustgo.”->Hesaiditmustbeprettylate,andhereallymustgo.Hesaid,“Youmustn’tsmokeintheroom.”->HesaidImustn’tsmokeintheroom.2)过去时间推移到过去的过去这里需要注意以下几点:a)当强调动作或状态先于引述动词时,一般过去时要变成过去完成体。例如:Hesaid,“Ididn’tknowyou
6、.”->Hesaidhehadn’tknownme.当“过去的过去”已经不言自明,或者通过其他词汇手段予以体现,或者侧重于强调所转述的事实本身时,一般过去时形式可以不变。例如:Annsaid,“Shewasbornin1981.”->Annsaidshewasbornin1981.b)过去进行时可以变成过去完成进行时,也可以不变。例如:Robertsaid,“IwasjokingwithMary.”->RobertsaidhehadbeenjokingwithMary.RobertsaidhewasjokingwithMary.c
7、)过去完成时仍为过去完成时,不需改变。例如:Hesaid,“Wehadn’treturnedtothestorewhenshecame.”->Hesaidtheyhadn’treturnedtothestorewhenshecame.d)时间状语分句中的一般过去式或者过去进行时可以不变。例如:Johnsaid,“WhenIlivedinLondonIoftensawJane.”->JohnsaidwhenhelivedinLondonhehadoftenseenJane.JohnsaidwhenhelivedinLondonheo
8、ftensawJane.3)将来时间推移到过去将来时间最常见的是把表示将来时间的助动词由现在时形式变为过去时形式。例如:Hesaid,“We’respendingnextweekendathome.”->Hesaidtheywerespending