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1、Letterpubs.acs.org/NanoLettThermalRectificationinThree-DimensionalAsymmetricNanostructure,†,‡†,‡†††JonghoonLee,*VikasVarshney,AjitK.Roy,JohnB.Ferguson,andBarryL.Farmer†MaterialsandManufacturingDirectorate,AirForceResearchLaboratory,Wright-PattersonAirForceBase,Ohio45433,UnitedStates‡UniversalTechnolo
2、gyCorporation,1270N.FairfieldRoad,Dayton,Ohio45432,UnitedStatesABSTRACT:Previously,thermalrectificationhasbeenreportedinseverallow-dimensionalshape-asymmetricnanomaterials.InthisLetter,wedemonstratethatathree-dimensionalcrystallinematerialwithanasymmetricshapealsodisplaysasstrongthermalrectificationasl
3、ow-dimensionalmaterialsdo.Theobservedrectificationisattributedtothestrongertemperaturedependenceofvibrationdensityofstatesinthenarrowerregionoftheasymmetricmaterial,resultingfromthesmallnumberofatomicdegreesoffreedomdirectlyinteractingwiththethermostat.Wealsodemonstratethattheoftenreported“deviceshap
4、easymmetry”isnotasufficientconditionforthermalrectification.Specifically,thesizeasymmetryinboundarythermalcontactsisequallyimportanttowarddeterminingthemagnitudeofthermalrectification.Whentheboundarythermalcontactsretainthesamesizeasymmetryasthenanomaterial,theoverallsystemdisplaysnotablethermalrectificat
5、ion,inaccordancewithexistingliterature.However,whenthewiderregionoftheasymmetricnanomaterialispartiallythermostattedbyasmallersizedcontact,thermalrectificationdecreasesdramaticallyandevenchangesdirection.KEYWORDS:Thermalrectifier,phonondensityofstates,centrallimittheorem,moleculardynamicsincethesemina
6、lexperimentalworkbyChangetal.fromlow-mass(thin)tohigh-mass(thick),whichisincontrastSmeasuredasmall,butdefinite,thermalrectificationintotheexperimentwherethestrongerheatfluxwasalongthe1asymmetricallymass-loadednanotubes,directedthermaloppositedirection.Althoughthemechanismisstillbeingtransportinnanostru
7、cturedmaterialshasbeenattractingsoughtafter,thesimple,yetintriguing,conceptofthermal2significantscientificattention.Asmall-scalesolidstatethermalrectificationusingshapeasymmetryisbeingconfirmedrectifier,as
