清洁发展机制的贡献【外文翻译】

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1、外文题目：TheCleanDevelopmentMechanism′sContributionToSustainableDevelopment:AReviewOfLiterature出处：Climatechange2007(84):P57-73.作者：KarenHolmOlsen原文：Abstract：Thechallengesofhowtorespondtoclimatechangeandensuresustainabledevelopmentarecurrentlyhighonthepoliticalagendaamongtheworld’sleadingnations.

2、TheCleanDevelopmentMechanism(CDM)ispartoftheglobalcarbonmarketdevelopingrapidlyaspartoftheKyotoresponsetowardsthemitigationofglobalwarming.OneoftheaimsoftheCDMistoachievesustainabledevelopmentindevelopingcountries,butuncertaintyprevailsastowhethertheCDMisdoingwhatitpromisestodo.Closeto200st

3、udiesontheCDMhavebeencarriedoutsinceitsbirthin1997includingpeer-reviewedarticlesandreportsfromthegreyliterature.ThisreviewoftheliteratureservestoassessthestateofknowledgeonhowtheCDMcontributestosustainabledevelopment(SD)includingpovertyalleviation.Themainfindingofthereviewisthat,lefttomarke

4、tforces,theCDMdoesnotsignificantlycontributetosustainabledevelopment.1、Introduction“Wefaceseriousandlinkedchallengesintacklingclimatechange,promotingcleanenergyandachievingsustainabledevelopment,”theleadersoftheEightNationsagreedwhentheymetinGleneagles,Scotlandon6–8July2005.Thechallengesofc

5、limatechangeandSDareatthetopofthepoliticalagendaamongtheworld’sleadingnations.InparalleltotheG8dialogueonclimatechangeandSD,themajorityofdevelopedcountrieshavecommittedtotargetedemissionreductionsthroughtheKyotoProtocolof1997,whichenteredintoforceinFebruary2005.Accordingly,acarbonmarketisde

6、velopingrapidlyasasteptowardsthestabilisationofgreenhousegasconcentrationsintheatmospheretoavoidglobalwarming.TheCDMispartoftheemergingcarbonmarketandaimstoachievebothSDindevelopingcountriesandcost-effectivereductionofgreenhousegassesindevelopedcountries.Inspiteofitsstatedobjective,uncertai

7、ntyprevailsastowhethertheCDMisdoingwhatitclaimsitwilldointermsofachievingSD.Anextensivebodyofliteraturehasdevelopedcoveringcloseto200studiesoneconomic,political,methodologicalandSDaspectsofhowtheCDMworks.However,nooverviewofknowledgeexistsonthedifferenta