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1、本科毕业设计（论文）外文翻译原文：TheroleofinsuranceinhealthcaremanagementinIndiaTheWorldHealthOrganizationdefineshealthascompletephysical,mentalandsocialwell-being,notmerelytheabsenceofdiseaseandinjury(Parekh,2003).Accordingly,acountry’shealthsystemcomprisesalltheorganizations,institutionsandresourcesdevot
2、edtoproducehealthservices.HealthcarehasalwaysbeenaproblemareaforIndia,anationwithalargepopulationandasubstantialportionlivingbelowthepovertyline.Consequently,healthcareaccessandequitybecomeimportantissues,andhealthinsurancehasnotbeendevelopedtoitsimmensepotentialintheworld’sfifthlargestecon
3、omy.Anestimated1.3billionpeopleworldwidelackaccesstoeffective,affordablehealthcare,whilemorethan150millionpeoplein44millionhouseholdsworldwideeveryyearfacefinancialruinasadirectresultoflargemedicalbills.Yetmostpolicymakershaveassumeduntilrecentlythatpoorfamiliesindevelopingcountries–whosesu
4、rvivalisprecarious–wouldnotpayhealthinsurancepremiumseventoforestallthecostsoffuturehospitalization(InternationalConferenceonSocialHealthInsuranceinDevelopingCountries,2005).TableIsuggeststhatpublichealthcareisconcentratedinruralareasthatleantowardspreventionwhileprivateunitsarecurativeonl
5、ymainlytodiscouragemalpracticeissues.Further,publicdomainexpenditureismetbycenter,state,localandsocialinsurance.Ifweanalyzethesituationintheprivatedomain,themaximumcontributionisout-of-pocket,followedbypharmaceuticalindustryandsoon.InIndiauntilnow,theprimaryhealthcaresystemhasbeenmanagedma
6、inlybylimitedgovernmenthealthcarefacilitiesandotherpublichealthcaresystemsinatraditionalmodelofhealthfundingandprovision.However,thisstructureisunabletomeetthedemandfrom200millionplushealthinsurableIndianpeople.Moreover,ithasbecomeexpensiveowingtohighhealthservicecosts,inadequatephysiciann
7、umbers,weakeducationprogrammes,lowhospitalnumbers,poormedicalequipmentandinsufficientgovernmenthealthservicebudgetallocation.EventheIndiansocialinsuranceprogrammes,suchastheEmployeeStateInsuranceScheme(ESIS)andCentralGovernmentHealthScheme(CGHS)arerestrictedtoa
