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1、本科毕业论文（设计）外文翻译原文：Ontheoriginofsharedbeliefs(andcorporateculture)EricVandenSteenThisarticleshowshowcorporateculture,inthesenseofsharedbeliefsandvalues,originates(oftenunintentionally)throughscreening,self-sorting,andmanager-directedjointlearning.Itshowsthatsuchculturewillbestrongeram
2、ongmoreimportantemployeesandinolderandmoresuccessfulfirmswhereemployeesmakeimportantdecisionsandthemanagerhasstrongbeliefs.Itfurthershowshowamanager’sbeliefsinfluenceculture,howculturepersistsdespiteturnover,andwhythesuggestedlinkbetweencultureandperformancemaybeacaseofinversecausal
3、ity.Itfinallyshowsthat,fromanoutsider’sperspective,organizationsmaytendtooverinvestincorporateculture.IntroductionMembersofthesameorganizationoftensharesimilarbeliefsandvalues.Forexample,aJetBlueemployeeismorelikelytoagreewithanotherJetBlueemployeethanwithaDeltaAirlinesemployeeonthe
4、importanceoffriendlycustomerservice.AMicrosoftemployeeismorelikelytoagreewithanotherMicrosoftemployeethanwithanHPemployeeonthebenefitsofaggressiveinternalcompetition.1Suchsharedbeliefshaveimportantimplications:VandenSteen(2010a)showsthatsharedbeliefsleadtomoredelegation,lessmonitori
5、ng,higherutility(orsatisfaction),higherexecutioneffort(ormotivation),fastercoordination,lessinfluenceactivities,andmorecommunication,butalsotolessexperimentationandlessinformationcollection.2Thatarticlearguesthatthereasonwhysharedbeliefs(andvalues)havesuchapervasiveinfluenceisthatth
6、eyreduceoreliminatedifferencesinobjectivesandthuseliminate,attheroot,theagencyproblemsthatarisefromsuchdifferencesinobjectives.Forexample,ifamanagerandheremployeehavesimilarbeliefs,thenthemanagerwillbemorecomfortabletolettheemployee(whomayhavemoretimeorbetterlocalinformation)makethe
7、decisionandwillfeellessofaneedtomonitortheemployee.However,moresimilarbeliefsalsomeanthatneitherthemanagernortheemployeeneedstopersuadetheother,sothattheyhavefewerincentivestocollectinformation.Andinanorganizationwithsimilarbeliefs,peoplewilltendtodosimilarthingssothereislessexperim
8、entation.Theresults
