Essential Quantum Mechanics 0199228922.pdf

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1、ESSENTIALQUANTUMMECHANICSThispageintentionallyleftblankEssentialQuantumMechanicsGARYE.BOWMANDepartmentofPhysicsandAstronomyNorthernArizonaUniversity13GreatClarendonStreet,OxfordOX26DPOxfordUniversityPressisadepartmentoftheUniversityofOxford.ItfurtherstheUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellenceinre

2、search,scholarship,andeducationbypublishingworldwideinOxfordNewYorkAucklandCapeTownDaresSalaamHongKongKarachiKualaLumpurMadridMelbourneMexicoCityNairobiNewDelhiShanghaiTaipeiTorontoWithofficesinArgentinaAustriaBrazilChileCzechRepublicFranceGreeceGuatemalaHungaryItalyJapanPolandPortugalSingapo

3、reSouthKoreaSwitzerlandThailandTurkeyUkraineVietnamOxfordisaregisteredtrademarkofOxfordUniversityPressintheUKandincertainothercountriesPublishedintheUnitedStatesbyOxfordUniversityPressInc.,NewYork
cGaryE.Bowman2008ThemoralrightsoftheauthorhavebeenassertedDatabaserightOxfordUniversityPress(m

4、aker)Firstpublished2008Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,withoutthepriorpermissioninwritingofOxfordUniversityPress,orasexpresslypermittedbylaw,orundertermsagreedwiththeappropriatereprographicsrightsorganizat

5、ion.EnquiriesconcerningreproductionoutsidethescopeoftheaboveshouldbesenttotheRightsDepartment,OxfordUniversityPress,attheaddressaboveYoumustnotcirculatethisbookinanyotherbindingorcoverandyoumustimposethesameconditiononanyacquirerBritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationDataDataavailableLibrary

6、ofCongressCataloginginPublicationDataDataavailableTypesetbyNewgenImagingSystems(P)Ltd.,Chennai,IndiaPrintedinGreatBritainonacid-freepaperbyBiddlesLtd.,King’sLynnISBN978–0–19–922892–8(Hbk.)ISBN978–0–19–922893–5(Pbk.)13579108642ContentsPrefaceix1Introduction:ThreeWorlds11.1Worlds1and211.2Worl

7、d331.3Problems42TheQuantumPostulates52.1Postulate1:TheQuantumState62.2Postulate2:Observables,Operators,andEigenstates82.3Postulate3:QuantumSuperpositions102.3.1DiscreteEigenvalues112.3.2ContinuousEigenvalues122.4ClosingComments152.5Problems163WhatIsaQuan