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1、摘要本试验通过对不同程度锰胁迫条件下大豆的形态指标、光合作用指标、物质含量、胁迫相关指标等的测定分析,研究缺乏和过量锰胁迫对大豆的生长发育和产量的影响。试验以大豆品种东农47和东农48为供试材料,以最适锰浓度为对照(CK),分别为重度锰缺乏处理(S1)、轻度锰缺乏处理(S2)、轻度锰过量处理(S3)和重度锰过量处理(S4)。得出以下主要结论:1、与对照相比,锰胁迫处理抑制了生育前期大豆株高、茎粗和根长,而在生育中、后期,各胁迫处理和对照间无显著差异;不同锰胁迫处理显著降低了叶、茎、根、荚果干物质积累,并且抑制作用随着胁迫程度的加深而加重。2、与对照相比,锰
2、胁迫处理显著抑制大豆叶片叶绿素含量、光合速率、胞间CO2浓度、气孔导度,并且抑制作用随着胁迫程度的加深而加重;而不同锰胁迫处理大豆叶片蒸腾速率则显著高于对照。3、与对照相比,锰胁迫处理显著降低了大豆叶、茎、荚果及籽粒N、P含量,以及根部N含量,而对根部P含量影响不显著;锰胁迫显著降低了荚果和籽粒K含量,对叶、茎、和根K含量影响不显著。4、与对照相比,锰胁迫处理显著抑制大豆叶和茎部POD、CAT活性以及叶SOD活性,而对根部POD活性及根和茎部SOD活性的影响不显著;锰胁迫处理显著增加了大豆叶、茎和根部MDA含量,并且这种促进作用随着胁迫程度的加深而加重。5
3、、与对照相比,锰胁迫处理降低了大豆籽粒脂肪含量和蛋白质含量,并且抑制作用随着胁迫程度的加深而加重。6、与对照相比,除百粒重外,锰胁迫处理显著降低了大豆3粒荚数和单株粒数,进而显著降低单株粒重,并且抑制作用随着胁迫程度的加深而加重。关键词:大豆,锰胁迫,生长,产量IAbstractTheresearchongrowthandyieldofsoybeanwerecarriedoutundertheinfluenceofmanganesedeficiencyandexcessstressbasedonanalysesoftheindexofmorphology,
4、photosynthesis,materialcontentandstressrelatedindicatorsundertheconditionofdifferentmanganesestresslevels.Dongnong47andDongnong48wereselectedastestmaterials,andexperimentsontreatmentsofmanganesestresstosoybeanatwholegrowthstagewerecarriedoutunderfivemanganeselevels.Thefivelevelsar
5、eseverelackofmanganese(S1),mildlackofmanganese(S2),theoptimalconcentrationofmanganese(CK),mildexcessofmanganese(S3)andsevereexcessofmanganese(S4).Theresultsareasfollows:1.Comparedwiththecontrol,soybeanplantheight,stemdiameterandrootlengthwereinhibitedwithmanganesestresstreatmentin
6、earlygrowthstage,whiletherewasnosignificantdifferencebetweendifferentstresstreatmentandcontrolinmiddleandlategrowthstage.Drymatterofleaf,stem,rootandpodsweresignificantlyreducedunderdifferentmanganesestresslevels,andthereductionincreasedwiththeincreasingofmanganesestress.2.Compare
7、dwiththecontrol,manganesestresssignificantlyinhibitedthechlorophyllcontentofsoybeanleaves,photosyntheticrate,intercellularCO2concentration,stomatalconductance,andtheinhibitionincreasedwithstress.However,soybeanleaftranspirationratewassignificantlyhigherthanthatofthecontrolwithdiff
8、erentmanganesestresslevels.3.Comp