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1、PrinciplesofScienti cComputingDavidBindelandJonathanGoodmanlastrevisedFebruary2009,lastprintedMarch6,20092PrefaceiiiPREFACEThisbookgrewoutofaonesemester rstcourseinScienti cComputingforgraduatestudentsatNewYorkUniversity.Itrepresentsourviewofhowadvancedundergraduatesorb
2、eginninggraduatestudentsshouldstartlearningthesubject,assumingthattheywilleventuallybecomeprofessionals.Itisacommonfoundationthatwehopewillservepeopleheadingtooneofthemanyareasthatrelyoncomputing.Thisgenericclassnormallywouldbefollowedbymorespecializedworkinaparticulara
3、pplicationarea.Westartedouttowriteabookthatcouldbecoveredinanintensiveonesemesterclass.Thepresentbookisalittlebiggerthanthat,butitstillbene tsorsu ersfrommanyhardchoicesofmaterialtoleaveout.Textbookauthorsservestudentsbyselectingthefewmostimportanttopicsfromverymanyim-p
4、ortantones.Topicssuchas niteelementanalysis,constrainedoptimization,algorithmsfor ndingeigenvalues,etc.arebarelymentioned.Ineachcase,wefoundourselvesunabletosayenoughaboutthetopictobehelpfulwithoutcrowdingoutthematerialhere.Scienti ccomputingprojectsfailasoftenfrompoors
5、oftwareasfrompoormathematics.Well-designedsoftwareismuchmorelikelytogettherightanswerthannaivespaghetticode".EachchapterofthisbookhasaSoftwaresectionthatdiscussessomeaspectofprogrammingpractice.Takentogether,theseformashortcourseonprogrammingpracticeforscienti ccomputi
6、ng.Includedaretopicslikemodulardesignandtesting,documentation,robustness,performanceandcachemanagement,andvisualizationandperformancetools.Theexercisesareanessentialpartoftheexperienceofthisbook.Muchimportantmaterialisthere.Wehavelimitedthenumberofexercisessothattheinst
7、ructorcanreasonablyassignallofthem,whichiswhatwedo.Inparticular,eachchapterhasoneortwomajorexercisesthatguidethestudentthroughturningtheideasofthechapterintosoftware.Thesebuildoneachotherasstudentsbecomeprogressivelymoresophisticatedinnumericaltechniqueandsoftwaredesign
8、.Forexample,theexerciseforChapter6drawsonanLLtfactorizationprogramwrittenforChapter5aswellassoftwareprotocolsf
