[Richard_R._John]_Network_Nation_Inventing_Americ(book4me.org).pdf

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1、NETWORKNATIONNETWORKNATIONInventingAmericanTelecommunicationsRICHARDR.JOHNTheBelknapPressofHarvardUniversityPressCambridge,MassachusettsLondon,England2010ForNancy,whomakesitallworthwhileCopyright©2010bythePresidentandFellowsofHarvardCollegeAllrightsreservedPrintedintheUnitedSta

2、tesofAmericaLibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataJohn,RichardR.,1959–Networknation:inventingAmericantelecommunications/RichardR.John.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN978-0-674-02429-8(alk.paper)1.Telecommunication—UnitedStates—History.I.Title.TK5102.3

3、.U6J642010384—dc222009050825CONTENTSListofIllustrationsandTablesviiIntroduction:InventingAmericanTelecommunications11MakingaNeighborhoodofaNation52ProfessorMorse’sLightning243Antimonopoly654TheNewPostalicDispensation1145RichMan’sMail1566TheTalkingTelegraph2007Telephomania2388Se

4、condNature2699GrayWolves31110UniversalService34011OneGreatMedium?370Epilogue:TheTechnicalMillennium407viContentsChronologyofAmericanTelecommunications415Notes425Acknowledgments501Index505ILLUSTRATIONSANDTABLESIllustrations“Napoleon’sVisualTelegraph:TheFirstLongDistanceSystem”15

5、“AmosKendall”71“AmericanProgress”112“JupiterAmmonopolyOrtonandHisVictimthePress”148“GettingReadytoCuttheMelon”168“Consolidated”187“TheBestKindofMonopoly”188“IntheClutchofaGraspingMonopoly”240“TelephoneTrafficinChicago”288“TheTelephoneBringsCompanionship”308TherelativesizeoftheB

6、ellandindependenttelephoneexchangesinChicagoin1915325“IHopeOurBellBoyHurrieswithThatOrdinance”335“TheTriumphofScience”391viiiIllustrationsandTablesTables1.AnnualoperatingrevenueofthePostOfficeDepartment,WesternUnion,andtheBellSystem,1866–192072.Thefivelargesttelephoneexchangesi

7、ntheworld,1882,1895,1910,and19202183.ThepopularizationofthetelephoneinChicago,1899–1906296INTRODUCTION:INVENTINGAMERICANTELECOMMUNICATIONSThisbookisahistoryoftheformativeeraofthefirstelectricalcommu-nicationsmediaintheUnitedStates.Itconsidershowtheyworkedandwhytheymattered.Itst

8、hemeistheinfluenceonthesemediaofthestruc-turingpresenc