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1、AllocentricandEgocentricSpatialRepresentations:Definitions,Distinctions,andInterconnectionsRobertaL.Klatzky1CarnegieMellonUniversity,ProfessorandHead,DepartmentofPsychology,5000ForbesAvenue,Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania,15213,USAklatzky@cmu.eduAbstract.Althoughtheliteraturesonhumanspatialcogn
2、itionandanimalnavigationoftenmakedistinctionsbetweenegocentricandallocentric(alsocalledexocentricorgeocentric)representations,thetermshavenotgenerallybeenwelldefined.Thischapterbeginsbymakingformaldistinctionsbetweenthreekindsofrepresentations:allocentriclocational,egocentriclocational,
3、andallocentricheadingrepresentations.Thesedistinctionsaremadeinthecontextofwhole-bodynavigation(ascontrasted,e.g.,withmanipulation).Theyaremadeonthebasisofprimitiveparametersspecifiedbyeachrepresentation,andtherepresentationaldistinctionsarefurthersupportedbyworkonbrainmechanismsusedfor
4、animalnavigation.Fromtheassumptionsaboutprimitives,furtherinferencesaremadeastothekindofinformationeachrepresentationpotentiallymakesavailable.Empiricalstudiesofhowwellpeoplecomputeprimitiveandderivedspatialparametersarebrieflyreviewed.Finally,thechapteraddresseswhatrepresentationshuman
5、smayuseforprocessingspatialinformationduringphysicalandimaginedmovement,andworkonimaginedupdatingofspatialpositionisusedtoconstraintheconnectivityamongrepresentations.1ReferenceFramesandSpatialRepresentationsPutsimply,areferenceframeisameansofrepresentingthelocationsofentitiesinspace.An
6、entirechaptercouldbedevotedtoframesofreference,andseveralexcellentoneshavebeen(see,e.g.,Berthoz,1991;Brewer&Pears,1993;Levinson,1996;Soechting,Tong&Flanders,1996).Noristheliteraturedeficientindiscussionsofallocentricandegocentricrepresentations.Infact,thecontrastbetweenthosetwo1Chapterp
7、reparedforconferenceonRaumkognition,Trier,Germany,September1997.TheauthoracknowledgessupportofGrant9740fromtheNationalEyeInstituteforthestudyofKlatzkyetal.(inpress).ThisworkhasbenefitedfromextensivediscussionsofspatialcognitionwithJackLoomis.2termsaboundsindiscussionsofspatialp
