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1、1、1、1、1、1、引导宾语从句在引导宾语从句时,whether 和if 通可以互换,在ask,care,doub,know,learn,msee,tell,try,wonder等动词之后尤其如此。例如:I don’t know if/whether I can help you.They don’t care a bit whether my reports are good or bad..I wonder if you can examine him now.(高一册第十四页)I am not sure if/whether I’ll h
2、ave time.但是,必须注意以下几点: 1)如果从句是否定结构,则用if不用whether.例如: Well,think,and see if the most religious people aren’t those who fell that this life doesn’t gice them all they want.好,你想,那最虔诚的宗教徒,是不是就是那此觉得这现实的人生没有完全满足自己欲望的人? Dinner was almost over when Dan,still looking hungry,grinned an
3、d asked Dave if he wasn’t going to have some bread.晚饭快吃完的时候丹(他看上去还没吃饱)笑着问戴维还要不要吃些面包。 I don’t care if he doesn’t show up .他来不来我都不在乎。 Let me know if you can’t meet me at Jackson and Throop Streets Wednesday afternoon at two o’clock.星期三下午奉告警方,你是否能在杰逊街和思鲁街的黑心角来跟我相会。(<嘉莉妹妹>=当然
4、,对某些句子,人们可能会有不同的理解。如上面最后两列中的if 也可理解为引导条件状语从句: 他不来我也不在乎。如果 你在星期三下午二时不能和我在杰克逊街和思鲁街的黑心角相会,请通知我。但是,当doubt是还定式时,则不用whether或if,要改用that,因为句子本身已没有“怀疑”或选择之意。度比较:I don’t doubt that you are honest.我不怀疑你的诚实。She never doubt for a moment that she was right.她对自己是正确的这一点从不怀疑。I doubt whether
5、 it’s true.I doubt if that was what he wanted.2)宾语从句前置时只能用whether,如:Whether he lives there,I want to know.Whether this is true or not ,I can’t say.Whether we can relly help ypu ,I don’t know yet .我们是否真的能帮助你,我还不知道。 3)在decide,dicuss等动词后,通常只跟whether引导的宾语从句。如:They dicussed whet
6、her they should close the shop.他们痔疮了是不是该关掉商店。The old lady has not decided whether she will live with her daughter in the countryside. 4)出现在介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether引导,如:The teacher worried about whether he had hurt the girl’s feelings.老师担心他是否伤害了女孩的感情。It all depends on whether s
7、he likes the boss or not .一切都取决于她是否喜欢这位上司。It depends on whether the crystal can emit a powerful beam of light.这取决于晶体是否会发射出一束强光。 5)句中含有引导条件状语从句的if 时,用whether 不用if,如:Bill asked whether ,if I got the job,I’d move to York.比尔问如果我得到这份工作是否还要迁到约克。 6)在现代英语中似乎有一种趋势,即说话人期望得到或估计会得到肯定答
8、复时常用if ,而在对答复时的肯定与否定没把握或不在意时则用whether.例如:He asked me if he could come.他问我他可