中国农村劳力流动“民工荒”现象分析

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1、1舢籼哪111m11㈣㈣帆髑帅Y2125067黑龙江大学硕士学位论文也使得我国人口的再生产受到人为破坏，导致进入老龄化社会的速度加快，年轻农民工出现短缺。我们要把“民工荒"对我国经济的不利影响转变为有利因素，必须提高农民工待遇、保障农民工权益、减少流动的成本，提高农业生产效率以释放更多的农村剩余劳动力，劳动密集型企业转变应发展方式或者进行产业转移以提高利润率和竞争力；政府从政策层面以及利用立法等措施促进农民工流动、产业升级和区域均衡发展以及改善人口再生产等来加以推动。也就是说，解决“民工荒”问题需要社会各个阶层的共同努力并采取综合性对策来加以解决。关键词：民工荒；农民工；农村劳动力

2、流动；劳动生产率；产业转移ⅡAbstractAbs仃actPriorto2003，theflowdirectionofChina’Srural’laborforcemainlyonthegroundsofthecentralandwesternruralareastotheeastofthePearlRiverDeltaandYangtzeRiverDeltaurbanareasincoastalareas，andthemovementisincreasingyearbyyear,called”Thetideofmigrantworker’’；Duringthistime，thes

3、upplyofmigrantworkersisfargreaterthandemand,theshortageofcheaplabor，mostlyforstructuralandtemporaryshortages．However,sincethespringof2004，thePearlRiverDeltaregionastherepresentativeoftraditionalrurallaborforceintotheemergenceoflarge—scaleshortageofmigrantworkers，andyearbyyearbecomeseriousshort

4、age，knownasthe”Theshortageofmigrantworker”phenomenon．Thesupplyofrurallaborfrom”Thetideofmigrantworker”tothe”Theshortageofmigrantworker”hashadahugeimpactonallaspectsofChina’Seconomicandsocialdevelopment．Theonehand，relyoncheaplabortoachieveinternationalcompetitiveadvantageinlabor-intensiveindust

5、rywillbechallenged，butalsomeansthatourlongreliedontoinvestresourcestoachieverapideconomicextensivedevelopmentoftheendoftheway；theotherhand，theshortageofmigrantworkers”meansthatlaborcostsrise，theriseoflaborcostswillbe”reversed’’theeasternpartofthelabor-intensiveenterprisesandgovemmentindustrial

6、structureupgradingorindustrialzonetransfer，SOthatthe”laborshortage’'phenomenonisalsoChina'seconomicstructuralupgradingandbalanceddevelopmentofregionaleconomicopportunities．”Theshortageofmigrantworker”phenomenonhasmultiplereasons．Atthemicrolevel，thetraditionallaborworkersinlowincomeandslowgrowt

7、hinemploymententerpriseandtheareaisoftenignoredorprejudicetotherightsofmigrantworkersIII黑龙江大学硕士学位论文arrearsformigrantruralworkers’wages，poorworkingconditions，employmentandlifeofvariousformsofdiscriminationandtheinflowofmigrantworkersrigh