国贸作业题型(精华)

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1、国贸考试复习内容一、名词解释（言之成理吧）Internaleconomics内部规模经济：expandingthefirm'sownscaleofproductionraisesitsproductivityandcutitsaveragecost矚慫润厲钐瘗睞枥庑赖。Stolper-SamuelsonTheorem斯托珀尔—萨缪尔森定理：AccordingtoH--Otheory,internationaltradeisalmostsuretodividedsocietyintotwogroups:gainers-from-tradeandlosers-

2、from-trade,becausechangesinrelativepricesarelikelytoraisetherevenuesofproductionattheexpenseofothers.聞創沟燴鐺險爱氇谴净。Externaleconomics外部规模经济：productivitygainsandcostsreductionsthatanindividualfirmreapsfromtheexpansionofotherfirmsinthesameindustry残骛楼諍锩瀨濟溆塹籟。Effectivetariffrate有效关税保护率：th

3、epercentagechangeinthevalueaddedinanindustrybecauseoftheimpositionofatariffstructurebythecountryratherthantheexistenceoffreetrade酽锕极額閉镇桧猪訣锥。Optimaltariff最佳关税：Theoptimumtariffisthatrateoftariffthatmaximizesthenetbenefitresultingfromtheimprovementinthenation’stermsoftradeagainstthen

4、egativeeffectresultingfromreductioninthevolumeoftrade.彈贸摄尔霁毙攬砖卤庑。Tradecreation贸易创造：Tradecreationtakesplacewhenevereconomicintegrationleadstoashiftinproductoriginfromahigher-resource-costdomesticproducertoalower-resource-costmemberproducer.Suchashiftrepresentsamovementinthedirectio

5、nofthefree-tradeallocationofresourcesandhenceispresumablybeneficialforwelfare謀荞抟箧飆鐸怼类蒋薔。Rybczynshitheorem罗伯津斯基定理：thedevelopmentofanewnaturalresource,mayreducethedevelopmentofotherlinesofproduction厦礴恳蹒骈時盡继價骚。LawofcomparativeAdvantage比较优势:comparativeadvantagecomesfromtherelativediff

6、erenceofproductivitiesbasedontherelativedifferenceoftechnologies.Anationshouldproduceandexportthecommoditiesofcomparativeadvantage,andimportthecommoditiesofcomparativedisadvantage.茕桢广鳓鯡选块网羈泪。Termsoftrade贸易条件：theratioofthepriceofitsexportcommoditytothepriceofitsimportcommodity鹅娅尽損鹌

7、惨歷茏鴛賴。TheLeontiefParadox里昂惕夫之谜：SincetheUnitedStateswasthemostK-abundantnationintheworld,Leontiefin1951usedU.S.datafortheyear1947andexpectedtofindthatitexportedK-intensivecommoditiesandimportedL-intensivecommodities籟丛妈羥为贍偾蛏练淨。TheresultsofLeontief’stestwerestarling.Thatis,theU.S.see

8、medtoexportL-intensivecommodities