how to prove it - a structured approach (2nd, 2006)

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1、P1:JZZ/JZK0521861241preCB996/VellemanOctober19,200523:410521861241CharCount=0ThispageintentionallyleftblankiP1:JZZ/JZK0521861241preCB996/VellemanOctober19,200523:410521861241CharCount=0HowToProveItiP1:JZZ/JZK0521861241preCB996/VellemanOctober19,200523:4

2、10521861241CharCount=0iiP1:JZZ/JZK0521861241preCB996/VellemanOctober19,200523:410521861241CharCount=0HOWTOPROVEITAStructuredApproach,SecondEditionDanielJ.VellemanDepartmentofMathematicsandComputerScienceAmherstCollegeiiicambridgeuniversitypressCambridge

3、,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown,Singapore,SãoPauloCambridgeUniversityPressTheEdinburghBuilding,Cambridgecb22ru,UKPublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyCambridgeUniversityPress,NewYorkwww.cambridge.orgInformationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9780521861

4、243©CambridgeUniversityPress1994,2006Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexceptionandtotheprovisionofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements,noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewrittenpermissionofCambridgeUniversityPress.Firstpublished

5、inprintformat2006isbn-13978-0-511-16116-2eBook(EBL)isbn-100-511-16116-6eBook(EBL)isbn-13978-0-521-86124-3hardbackisbn-100-521-86124-1hardbackisbn-13978-0-521-67599-4isbn-100-521-67599-5CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccura

6、cyofurlsforexternalorthird-partyinternetwebsitesreferredtointhispublication,anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchwebsitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate.P1:JZZ/JZK0521861241preCB996/VellemanOctober19,200523:410521861241CharCount=0ToShelleyvP1:JZ

7、Z/JZK0521861241preCB996/VellemanOctober19,200523:410521861241CharCount=0viP1:JZZ/JZK0521861241preCB996/VellemanOctober19,200523:410521861241CharCount=0ContentsPrefacepageixIntroduction11SententialLogic81.1DeductiveReasoningandLogicalConnectives81.2Truth

8、Tables141.3VariablesandSets261.4OperationsonSets341.5TheConditionalandBiconditionalConnectives432QuantificationalLogic552.1Quantifiers552.2EquivalencesInvolvingQuantifiers642.3MoreOperationsonSets733Proofs843.1ProofStrategies843.2Pr