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1、TheLegacyofBole:PhysiognomyandHorsesinChinesePaintingAuthor(s):RobertE.Harrist,Jr.Source:ArtibusAsiae,Vol.57,No.1/2(1997),pp.135-156Publishedby:ArtibusAsiaePublishersStableURL:http://www.jstor.org/stable/3249953.Accessed:24/04/201413:37YouruseoftheJSTORarchiveindicatesy
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4、29.128.216.34onThu,24Apr201413:37:49PMAllusesubjecttoJSTORTermsandConditionsROBERTE.HARRIST,JR.THELEGACYOFBOLE:PHYSIOGNOMYANDHORSESINCHINESEPAINTINGartisalivewithavastarrayofanimals,fromthehumblerattothelordlymythicChinesedragon.Ofallanimals,thehorsehasbeenrepresentedin
5、thewidestrangeofcontexts,reflectingthisanimal'scentralroleinChinesehistory,literature,andmythology.AlthoughthestoryofthehorseinChinahasbeenwelltoldbymanyscholarsIsurprisinglylittlehasbeenwrittenconcerningaphenomenonessentialtounderstandingChineseideasabouthorses:theprac
6、ticeofxiangmaorhorsephysiognomy.2Likehumanphysiognomy(xiangshu),thispseudo-scientificmethodofjudginghorsesoriginatedduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod(770-476B.C.).3Combiningempiricalveterinaryknowledgewitharcanemetaphysicalconcepts,textsonhorsephysiognomygeneratedarichvoca
7、bularyofmetaphoriclanguagethatprescribedthetraitsofsuperiorhorses;visualaids,intheformofsculptureandpictorialimages,guidedaspiringjudgesofgoodhorseflesh.HorsesinChineseart,especiallyinpainting-themostflexibileofallmedia-reflectmanyconceptsofhorsephysiognomyaswellasrepre
8、sentationalconventionsoriginatinginthispractice.Theessaythatfollowsoffersabriefintroductiontothehistoryandbasi
