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1、TheoryandApplicationsofOntology:ComputerApplicationsRobertoPoli·MichaelHealy·AchillesKameasEditorsTheoryandApplicationsofOntology:ComputerApplications123EditorsRobertoPoliDr.MichaelHealyUniversityofTrento1354423rdPlaceNE.,Dept.SociologyandSocialResearchSeattleWA98125-33
2、2526,Verdistr.USA38100Trentomjhealy@ece.unm.eduItalyroberto.poli@unitn.itAchillesKameasHellenicOpenUniversity&ComputerTechnologyInstituteN.KazantzakiStr.26500PatrasUniversityCampusGreecekameas@cti.gr;ie2006@cti.gr;kameas@eap.grISBN978-90-481-8846-8e-ISBN978-90-481-8847-
3、5DOI10.1007/978-90-481-8847-5SpringerDordrechtHeidelbergLondonNewYorkLibraryofCongressControlNumber:2010933121©SpringerScience+BusinessMediaB.V.2010Chapter11ispublishedwithkindpermissionof©AllrightsreservedNopartofthisworkmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortrans
4、mittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,microÞlming,recordingorotherwise,withoutwrittenpermissionfromthePublisher,withtheexceptionofanymaterialsuppliedspeciÞcallyforthepurposeofbeingenteredandexecutedonacomputersystem,forexclusiveusebythepurchaser
5、ofthework.Printedonacid-freepaperSpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com)PrefaceAfteralongperiodofdecline,ontologyisbackattheforefrontofphilosophy,sci-enceandtechnology.Thesedaysontologycomesinatleasttwomainfashions:thetraditionalphilosophicalunde
6、rstandingofontologyhasbeenrecentlyßankedbyanewÐcomputer-basedÐunderstandingofontology.TherearescholarsfrombothÞeldscontendingthatontologyinknowledgeengi-neeringandontologyinphilosophyaretwocompletelydifferentdisciplines.Ontheonehandthereisanalysiscloselytiedtotheconcret
7、eproblemsofdomainmodel-ing;ontheother,difÞcultandusuallyveryabstractspeculationsontheworldanditsmostrariÞedstructures.Forthisreason,itisclaimed,thosescientistswhooccupythemselveswithontologyinknowledgeengineeringshouldnotbeconcernedwithwhatphilosophershavetosay(andvice-
8、versa).ThethesisdefendedbyTheoryandApplicationsofOntologyisexactlytheoppo-site.WeshalltrytoshowinthisworkthatÐ