adaptive probabilistic search (aps) for peer-to-peer networksnew

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1、AdaptiveProbabilisticSearch(APS)forPeer-to-PeerNetworksDimitriosTsoumakos,NickRoussopoulosInstituteforAdvancedComputerStudiesDepartmentofComputerScienceUniversityofMaryland,CollegePark,MD,20742{dtsouma,nick}@cs.umd.eduCS-TR-4451,UMIACS-TR-2003-21February25,2003AbstractPeer-to-Peernetworksare

2、gainingincreasingattentionfromboththescientificandthelargeInternetusercommunity.Popularapplicationsutilizingthisnewtechnologyoffermanyattractivefeaturestoagrowingnumberofusers.Attheheartofsuchnetworksliesthedataretrievalalgorithm.Proposedmethodseitherdependonthenetwork-disastrousfloodinganditsv

3、ariationsorutilizevariousindicestooexpensivetomaintain.Inthisreportwedescribeanadaptive,bandwidth-efficientandeasytodeploysearchalgorithmforunstructuredPeer-to-Peernetworks,theAdaptiveProb-abilisticSearchmethod(APS).Ourschemeutilizesfeedbackfromprevioussearchestoprobabilisticallyguidefutureone

4、s.ExtensivesimulationresultsshowthatAPSachieveshighsuccessrates,increasednumberofdiscoveredobjects,verylowband-widthconsumptionandadaptationtochangingtopologies.1IntroductionPeer-to-Peer(P2P)networkinghasbeengrowingrapidlyinthelastfewyears.P2Prepre-sentsthenotionofsharingresourcesavailableat

5、theedgesoftheInternet.Itssuccesswasoriginallyboostedbysomeverypopularfile-sharingapplications(e.g.,[NAP,AUD]).Nu-meroussystemsthatutilizeorsupportP2Ptechnologyhaveemergedsince(e.g.,[DFM01,GNU,SET,NET]).BandwidthconsumptionattributedtoP2Pfile-sharingsystemsamountstoaconsiderablefractionofthetot

6、alInternettraffic,despitetheshutdownofseveralsystemsduetolegalrulings.1WecanroughlyclassifyP2Parchitecturesintotwocategories:Centralizedapproachesutilizeacentraldirectoryforobjectlocation,IDassignment,etc.Decentralizedapproachesabandonthissolutiontoemployadistributeddirectorystructure.Puredece

7、ntralizedsys-temsexhibitafullydistributedbehaviorwithallpeers(ornodes)beingequal,whileinhybridsystemssomenodesactassuper-peers,servingtheshieldedpeerstheyneighborwith.AnothertaxonomyclassifiesP2Pnetworksintostructuredandunstructured.Structurednetwor