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1、农业环境科学学报&$$’(&)*6+:1114-1118,-./012-345/-!6078/-09:0;<=8:0=:秸秆还田后土壤微生物群落结构变化的初步研究1,322232赵勇,李武,周志华,张晓君,潘迎捷,赵立平(1.南京农业大学微生物学系,江苏南京210095;2.上海交通大学生命科学技术学院微生物分子生态学与基因组学实验室,上海200240;3.上海水产大学食品科学学院,上海200090)摘要:通过实验室条件下的小麦秸秆粉和油菜秸秆粉的还土试验,结合常规的分析手段和基于DNA的分子技术(变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)及测序技术),初步研究了秸秆粉还田后土壤物理化
2、学特性及生物学特性的变化。结果表明,培养60d后,秸秆还田土壤的肥力明显提高,其纤维素酶活性明显增强。DGGE图谱表明,对照土壤(S)以及处理土壤(SW和SR),在培养过程中,!-Proteobacteria类细菌组成都在发生变化。对其中一个样品的DGGE条带进行了割胶测序,测序结果表明,大部分条带代表的微生物是未培养的或不可培养的。采用传统分离培养技术,从秸秆还田土壤中分离了2株纤维素降解菌。以上结果说明,秸秆还田具有良好的土壤综合效应。关键词:秸秆;纤维素酶活性;变性梯度凝胶电泳;!-Proteobacteria;纤维素降解菌中图分类号:Q938.1文献标识码:4文章
3、编号:>?@&%&$)A*&$$’+$6-1114-05ChagesofMicrobialCommuityStructureiStrawAmededSoilZHAOYong1,3,LIWu2,ZHOUZhi!hua2,ZHANGXiao!jun2,PANYing!jie3,ZHAOLi!ping2(1.DepartmentofMicrobiology,NanjingAgriculturalUniversity,Nanjing210095,China;2.SchoolofLifeSciencesandBiotech"nology,ShanghaiJiaoTongUniver
4、sity,Shanghai200240,China;3.SchoolofFoodScience,ShanghaiFisheriesUniversity,Shanghai201106,China)Abstract:Changesofphysical、chemicalandbiologicalcharacteristicsofsoilsamendedwithwheatandrapestrawswereana"lyzedbyeitherroutineapproachesorDNA-basedmoleculartechniques(denaturinggradientgelele
5、ctrophoresisandsequencing)underlaboratoryconditions.Theresultsshowedthataftertreatmentfor60days,fertilitiesoftheamendedsoilsincreasedsignifi"cantlyatrangefrom23.9%to52.5%invaryingitems,buttherewaslittledifferencefortheamendedsoilsfortreatmentbetweenwithwheatandrapestraw.Cellulaseactivitie
6、sinamendedsoilsweresignificantlyhigherthanthatinthecontrol,andinthefirst24days,thecellulaseactivitiesinwheatstrawamendedsoilswerehigherthanthatinsoilsamendedwithrapestraw,incontrast,after25days,thecasewasreversed.DGGEprofilesshowedthatduringtheincubationperiod,thecompositionof!-Proteobact
7、e"riainthecontrolandamendedsoilschangedvariously.TheDGGEbandsofonesampleweresequenced,anditdemonstratedthatmostofthemicroorganismsrepresentedbytheDGGEbandswereunculturedoruncultivablebacteria.Twocellulolyticbac"teriawereisolatedfromthestrawamendedsoilsbytraditionalc
