analysis of delay and delay jitter of voice traffic in the internet

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1、ComputerNetworks40(2002)711–726www.elsevier.com/locate/comnetAnalysisofdelayanddelayjitterofvoicetrafficintheInterneta,b,*bMansourJ.Karam,FouadA.TobagiaSpeedtrakCommunications,SanMateo,CA94401,USAbComputerSystemsLaboratory,DepartmentofElectricalEngineering,StanfordUniversity,Stanford,CA9

2、4305,USAReceived31October2001;accepted6November2001ResponsibleEditor:I.F.AkyildizAbstractInthefuture,voicecommunicationisexpectedtomigratefromthepublicswitchedtelephonenetworktotheIn-ternet.Becauseoftheparticularcharacteristics(lowvolumeandburstiness)andstringentdelayandlossrequirement

3、sofvoicetraffic,itisimportanttoseparatevoicetrafficfromothertrafficinthenetworkbyprovidingitwithaseparatequeue.Inthisstudy,weconductathoroughassessmentofvoicedelayinthiscontext.Weconcludethatpriorityqueuingisthemostappropriateschedulingschemeforthehandlingofvoicetraffic,whilepreemptionofnon-vo

4、icepacketsisstronglyrecommendedforsub-10Mbit/slinks.Wealsofindthatper-connectioncustompacketizationisinmostcasesfutile,i.e.onepacketsizeallowsagoodcompromisebetweenanadequateend-to-enddelayandanefficientbandwidthutilizationforvoicetraffic.Ó2002ElsevierScienceB.V.Allrightsreserved.1.Introduc

5、tionPSTNistodaycharacterizedbywhatisreferredtoastollquality,thatislowdelay,highavailabilityTheInternetwillbecomeaubiquitousinfra-andadequatevoicequality.FortheInternetstructure,usedbynumerousapplicationshavingtocompetewiththePSTN,itshouldprovidethevariousrequirementsandthatgeneratetraffi

6、cthatsamelevelofquality,whichimpliesstringenthasdifferentcharacteristics:inparticular,web-delay,lossandreliabilityrequirementsonvoicebaseddataapplications,videoapplicationsandcommunication.Intermsoftrafficcharacteristics,voiceapplications.Voiceapplicationsareexpectedvoicestreamshavelowdat

7、arates(intheorderoftomigratefromthepublicswitchtelephonenet-tensofkbit/s)andexhibitlowburstiness.Becausework(PSTN)thatservicesthemtodaytotheIn-ofthesestringentrequirementsandparticularternet.Owingtoconstantimprovementsoverthecharacteristics,voicetrafficshouldbetreateddif-years,traditio