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1、CitationFormsinScientificTexts:SimilaritiesandDifferencesinL1andL2ProfessionalWritingAkikoOkamura,TakasakiCityUniversityofEconomics,JapanAbstractThisstudyinvestigatestheuseofcitationformsin30scientificresearcharticlesinbiology,chemistryandphysicswrittenbywritersinL1andL2contexts.Citatio
2、nformsweredividedintointegral(syntacticallyintegratedcitation)andnon-integral(syntacticallynon-integrated).Integralcitationwasfurthercategorizedintosubjectposition,non-subjectposition(passive;clauseconstituent)andnounphrase(adjunctagentstructure;phraseconstituent),suchas“accordingto.”Fi
3、ndingsshowthatalthoughfewpaperswerecitedinintegralcitationacrossthedisciplines,writersintheL2contextmainlyemployedtheminasubjectpositionwhilewritersintheL1contextspreadthemoverthreepositions,creatingstylisticvariation.Keywords:L1andL2writers,citationforms,citationanalysis,scientificdisc
4、ourse1.IntroductionTobeabletoproduceacademictextsinEnglish,non-Englishspeakingnovicewritersneedtomastervariousmeanstostrengthentheirargument,oneofwhichisthoughttobecitation(Block&Chi1995;Charles2006;Dong1996;Dubois1988;Harwood2004;Hyland1999,2001;Salager-Meyer1999).Non-Englishspeakingno
5、vicewritersneedtolearnnotonlywhattocitebutalsohowtocitepreviousstudies(Swales1986,1990,2004).Althoughdisciplinaryvariationintheuseofcitationandcitationformshasbeenanalyzedpreviously(Hyland1999,2000),relativelylittleattentionhasbeenpaidtovariationduetothewriters’mothertongue.Itmaybetheca
6、sethatL2writershavemoredifficultyintheuseofcitationformstoconstructapersuasiveargumentthanL1writers.ItwouldbeusefultoinvestigatedifferencesinuseofcitationformsbetweenL1andL2professionalwriters;howeverthenamesandaffiliationofwritersdonotalwaysindicatethewriters’mothertongues.ThusIshallre
7、feronlytothelinguisticenvironmentofthewriters,i.e.theEnglishspeakingenvironment(L1context)andthenon-Englishspeakingenvironment(L2context).ThepurposeofthisNordicJournalofEnglishStudies,vol.7No.3,December200861-81Ⓒ2008Author62AkikoOkamurastudyistocompareuseofcitationformsin30scie
