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1、PERSPECTIVEIce-PhobicSurfacesThatAreWetHowardA.Stone*DepartmentofMechanicalandAerospaceEngineering,PrincetonUniversity,Princeton,NewJersey08544,UnitedStatesheformationoficeonsurfacesnega-tivelyimpactsmanyaspectsofourABSTRACTTlives,fromtheoperationofcars,planes,trains,andocean-going
2、vessels,toroads,powerlines,transmissiontowers,turbines,windmills,androofsofalltypesofstructures.Thus,theproblemscausedbyiceformationproducedifficultiesinmostmajorsectorsofsociety,spanningtranspor-tation,powergenerationandtransmission,andhomeandofficebuildings.Thissitua-tionhasbeenrecog
3、nizedfordecades,andstudiesofthepropertiesofice-coveredImagecourtesyofDr.PhilseokKimandMichaelJ.Kredersurfacesdatebackatleasttothelate1,2Iceformationonsurfacesandstructuresproducesdamageandinefficienciesthatnegatively1950s.Inspiteofmuchresearch,ice-causeddamagetomaterialsremainsama-im
4、pactallmannersofactivities.Notsurprisingly,foralongtime,anunmetchallengehasbeenjorproblem.todesignmaterialscapableofminimizingoreveneliminatingtheformationoficeontheInrecentyears,therehadbeenoptimismsurfaceofthematerial.Inrecentyears,thereweresignificanteffortstodevelopsuchice-thatan
5、ewsolutionmightbeathandsincephobicsurfacesbybuildingontheadvancesmadewithsuperhydrophobicmaterialssincetheadvancesmadeinproducingsuperhy-these,bydefinition,tendtorepelwater.However,arobustresponseincludestheabilitytodrophobicmaterialsheraldedthepossibi-detertheformationoficewhenasub
6、stratecolderthanthefreezingtemperatureisexposedlityofsurfacesthatrepelledwaterandtherebypotentiallylimitedtheaccumula-eithertoimpactingwaterdropletsorwatervapor(i.e.,frostformation).Inthelattercase,tionofice.Indeed,inthisveryjournalinsuperhydrophobicsurfacesinhighhumidityconditions
7、wereshowntoallowsignificantice2010,anexcellentPerspectivesummarizedaccumulation.Consequently,anewdesignideawasneeded.InthisissueofACSNano,itistheinterestandapproachestoward“ice-shownhowaliquid-infiltratedporoussolid,wheretheliquidstronglywetsandisretained3phobic”surfaces,whilehighlig
8、htingare-withinthematerial